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Hydrological River and Coastal Field Investigation for Integrated Water and Sediment Management in Three Basins in Java and Sumatra, Indonesia

印度尼西亚爪哇岛和苏门答腊岛三个流域水沙综合管理的水文河流和沿海实地调查

基本信息

批准号：
12574018
负责人：
TAKARA Kaoru
金额：
$ 8.45万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This research dealt with river basins as a whole system consisting of mountain slopes, rivers and coastal zones, in order to find out best practices for integrated water and sediment management. Water and sediment movement in the Semarang, Brantas and Toba basins in Indonesia was investigated through field survey and hydrological and hydraulic computer simulation models. Collecting meteorological, hydrological and oceanographic observation data as well as social environmental data, this research tried to account for the interactions between human activities including land use change and mass movement such as water and sediment, and to explain the mechanisms of occurrence of disasters caused by river bed and river mouth variation due to floods and sedimentation. The following results are obtained through the field survey, collaborative research and information exchange with Indonesian researchers.(1)In Semarang basin in Central Java, which has steep slopes with erodible soils and is suffering from floods and sediment problems in coastal zones, degradation of coastal environment and beach erosion are investigated with numerical simulation models. (2)A distributed hydrological storm-sediment-runoff model was established to predict flood runoff and sediment yield from volcanic hill slopes and agricultural lands in the Brantas River basin. Hydraulic models for analyzing river bed variation were also developed and improved. (3)Lake Toba located in the northern part of Sumatra Island has been receiving less inflow recently and its water level is lowering. To investigate this phenomena, the bed form and elevation of lake bottom are surveyed by echo-sounder and a hydrological rainfall-runoff model was constructed. (4)In Central Java, another research activity estimated sediment yield and debris flow from a valley of Mt.Semeru on the basis of hydro-geomorphological analysis and field survey.

本研究将河流流域作为一个由山坡、河流和海岸带组成的整体系统来研究，目的是找出水和沉积物综合管理的最佳做法。通过实地调查和水文和水力计算机模拟模型，对印度尼西亚三宝垄、布兰塔斯和多巴盆地的水沙运动进行了调查。本研究通过收集气象、水文、海洋观测资料和社会环境数据，试图解释土地利用变化等人类活动与水沙等物质运动之间的相互作用，解释洪水和沉积引起的河床和河口变化造成灾害的发生机制。通过实地调查、合作研究和与印尼研究人员的信息交流，得出以下结果：(1)利用数值模拟模型研究了中爪哇三宝垄盆地的海岸环境退化和海滩侵蚀问题，该盆地具有陡峭的斜坡和可蚀性土壤，是海岸带的洪水和泥沙问题。(2)建立了布兰塔斯河流域火山坡地和农田洪水产沙的分布式水文风暴-泥沙-径流模型。用于分析河床变化的水力模型也得到了发展和改进。(3)位于苏门答腊岛北部的多巴湖近期来水量减少，水位下降。为了研究这一现象，利用测深仪测量了湖底的河床形态和高程，并建立了水文降雨径流模型。(4)在中爪哇，另一项研究活动在水文地貌分析和实地调查的基础上估计了塞默鲁山山谷的产沙量和泥石流。