Hydrological River and Coastal Field Investigation for Integrated Water and Sediment Management in Three Basins in Java and Sumatra, Indonesia

印度尼西亚爪哇岛和苏门答腊岛三个流域水沙综合管理的水文河流和沿海实地调查

基本信息

批准号：
12574018
负责人：
TAKARA Kaoru
金额：
$ 8.45万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This research dealt with river basins as a whole system consisting of mountain slopes, rivers and coastal zones, in order to find out best practices for integrated water and sediment management. Water and sediment movement in the Semarang, Brantas and Toba basins in Indonesia was investigated through field survey and hydrological and hydraulic computer simulation models. Collecting meteorological, hydrological and oceanographic observation data as well as social environmental data, this research tried to account for the interactions between human activities including land use change and mass movement such as water and sediment, and to explain the mechanisms of occurrence of disasters caused by river bed and river mouth variation due to floods and sedimentation. The following results are obtained through the field survey, collaborative research and information exchange with Indonesian researchers.(1)In Semarang basin in Central Java, which has steep slopes with erodible soils and is suffering from floods and sediment problems in coastal zones, degradation of coastal environment and beach erosion are investigated with numerical simulation models. (2)A distributed hydrological storm-sediment-runoff model was established to predict flood runoff and sediment yield from volcanic hill slopes and agricultural lands in the Brantas River basin. Hydraulic models for analyzing river bed variation were also developed and improved. (3)Lake Toba located in the northern part of Sumatra Island has been receiving less inflow recently and its water level is lowering. To investigate this phenomena, the bed form and elevation of lake bottom are surveyed by echo-sounder and a hydrological rainfall-runoff model was constructed. (4)In Central Java, another research activity estimated sediment yield and debris flow from a valley of Mt.Semeru on the basis of hydro-geomorphological analysis and field survey.

这项研究涉及整个系统的河流，包括山坡，河流和沿海地区，以找出综合水和沉积物管理的最佳实践。通过现场调查以及水文和液压计算机模拟模型，研究了印度尼西亚的Semarang，Brantas和Toba盆地的水和沉积物运动。这项研究收集气象，水文和海洋学观察数据以及社会环境数据，试图说明人类活动之间的相互作用，包括土地使用变化和诸如水和沉积物之类的群众运动，并解释了由于洪水和沉积物而导致的河床和河流嘴的发生机制。通过现场调查，与印度尼西亚研究人员的合作研究和信息交流获得以下结果。（1）在Java中部的Semarang Basin中，该山脉具有陡峭的斜坡，具有可侵蚀的土壤，并且在沿海地区遭受了洪水和沉积物问题，沿海环境和海滩侵蚀的降解与数字模拟模型进行了研究。（2）建立了一个分布式水文暴风雨模型，以预测布兰特斯河盆地的火山山坡和农业土地的洪水径流和沉积物产量。还开发了用于分析河床变异的液压模型。（3）位于苏门答腊岛北部的托巴湖最近收到的流入量较低，水位正在降低。为了调查这种现象，回声源声对湖底的床形式和升高进行了调查，并构建了水文降雨跑模型。（4）在Java中部，另一项研究活动估计了山谷山谷的沉积物产量和碎屑流，基于水力地球形分析和现场调查。