Electric Drive of Agricultural Machinery by Microwave Power Transmission in the Air

将微波功率传输(MPT)技术应用于空中，试图开发出创新的农业机械，它没有发动机，没有动力传输，也没有电池，只有电机来驱动机器。搭建了微波发射接收系统、车辆跟踪系统和车辆行驶/转向系统。通过实验研究了MPT小车实现的可能性。此外，还观察了微波辐射对作物生长的影响。主要研究成果如下：1.确定了车辆模型的驱动方式为2.45 GHz微波，该微波由锁相环磁控管产生，通过喇叭天线发射，并被租用接收。2.车辆跟踪系统由运动车辆上400 MHz的信号发射天线、喇叭天线上的两个偶极天线和旋转喇叭天线的转台组成，能够很好地对车辆进行跟踪。3.车辆模型…MPT利用四边直线板和车辆跟踪系统成功地驱动了更多的e，其中使用两个摄像头拍摄车辆上的标记图像，并应用图像处理方法，用于直线行驶、转弯和U形转弯。4.还对第三模型车进行了测试。它有三个马达来驱动车轮，转向机构和一个工具。抛物线天线，发射和接收天线的方向控制，命令PC与车载PIC微控制器之间的信息通信，使MPT更精确，车辆运行更快。由于控制系统中存在的一些问题，测试结果并不令人满意，表明有必要进行改进。5.在控制生长室内精确检测了微波辐照对蔬菜种子萌发的影响。微波辐射对种子萌发的影响不大，但统计结果表明，微波辐射处理的种子与对照种子的萌发差异不显著。较少

Applying the microwave power transmission (MPT) technology in the air, we tried to develop innovative agricultural machinery, which has no engine, no power transmission and no battery, but only electric motors to drive the machines. We constructed the microwave transmitting and receiving system, vehicle tracking system and vehicle running/steering system. The possibility of realization of the MPT vehicle was investigated by some experiments. The influence of microwave exposure on the growth of crops was also observed. The main research results are as follows :1.The first vehicle model was surely driven by the microwave of 2.45 GHz, which was generated by a PLL magnetron, transmitted by a horn antenna and received by a rentenna.2.The vehicle tracking system, which consisted of a signal transmitting antenna of 400 MHz on the moving vehicle, two dipole antennae on the horn antenna and a turntable to rotate the horn antenna, was well activated to track the vehicle.3.The second model vehicl … More e was successfully driven by the MPT utilizing a 4-side rectenna panel and a vehicle tracking system, where two cameras were used to take the image of the marker on the vehicle and an image processing method was applied, for the straight run, turning and U-shaped turn.4.The third model vehicle was also tested. It had three motors to drive the wheel, steering mechanism and an implement. A parabola antenna, the direction controls of transmitting and receiving antennae, information communication between a command PC and a PIC microcontroller on the vehicle enabled more precise MPT and vehicle running. Owing to some troubles in the control systems the test results were not satisfactory and showed the necessity of improvement.5.The influence of microwave exposure on germination of vegetable seeds was precisely examined in a controlled growth chamber. There was little effect of microwave irradiation on the germination, but the statistics showed a little significant difference between microwave irradiated seed and the reference seed without microwave irradiation. Less