Electric Drive of Agricultural Machinery by Microwave Power Transmission in the Air

我们尝试在空中应用微波功率传输（MPT）技术，开发创新的农业机械，它没有发动机，没有动力传输，没有电池，只有电动机来驱动机器。我们构建了微波发射和接收系统、车辆跟踪系统和车辆运行/转向系统。通过实验研究了MPT车辆实现的可能性。还观察了微波辐照对作物生长的影响。主要研究成果如下：1。第一辆车确实是由2.45 GHz的微波驱动的，该微波由锁相环磁控管产生，由喇叭天线发射，由天线接收。车辆跟踪系统由安装在移动车辆上的400 MHz信号发射天线、喇叭天线上的两个偶极子天线和旋转喇叭天线的转台组成，能够很好地启动跟踪车辆。采用4面整流天线面板和车辆跟踪系统，采用2台摄像机对车辆上的标记物进行图像处理，并对直线行驶、转弯和u型转弯进行了图像处理，成功驾驶了第二辆模型车。第三辆模型车也进行了测试。它有三个驱动车轮的马达，转向机构和一个工具。抛物线天线、发射天线和接收天线的方向控制、指令PC机与车载PIC单片机之间的信息通信，使MPT和车辆运行更加精确。由于控制系统存在一些问题，试验结果不令人满意，表明了改进的必要性。在受控的生长室内，精确地研究了微波辐照对蔬菜种子发芽的影响。微波辐照对种子萌发的影响不大，但经微波辐照的种子与未经微波辐照的对照种子差异不显著。少

Applying the microwave power transmission (MPT) technology in the air, we tried to develop innovative agricultural machinery, which has no engine, no power transmission and no battery, but only electric motors to drive the machines. We constructed the microwave transmitting and receiving system, vehicle tracking system and vehicle running/steering system. The possibility of realization of the MPT vehicle was investigated by some experiments. The influence of microwave exposure on the growth of crops was also observed. The main research results are as follows :1.The first vehicle model was surely driven by the microwave of 2.45 GHz, which was generated by a PLL magnetron, transmitted by a horn antenna and received by a rentenna.2.The vehicle tracking system, which consisted of a signal transmitting antenna of 400 MHz on the moving vehicle, two dipole antennae on the horn antenna and a turntable to rotate the horn antenna, was well activated to track the vehicle.3.The second model vehicl … More e was successfully driven by the MPT utilizing a 4-side rectenna panel and a vehicle tracking system, where two cameras were used to take the image of the marker on the vehicle and an image processing method was applied, for the straight run, turning and U-shaped turn.4.The third model vehicle was also tested. It had three motors to drive the wheel, steering mechanism and an implement. A parabola antenna, the direction controls of transmitting and receiving antennae, information communication between a command PC and a PIC microcontroller on the vehicle enabled more precise MPT and vehicle running. Owing to some troubles in the control systems the test results were not satisfactory and showed the necessity of improvement.5.The influence of microwave exposure on germination of vegetable seeds was precisely examined in a controlled growth chamber. There was little effect of microwave irradiation on the germination, but the statistics showed a little significant difference between microwave irradiated seed and the reference seed without microwave irradiation. Less