The Core and Peripheries of the Chinese Empire : -Pursuing the Original Form of Contemporary East Asia-

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<China and Taiwan>1.We conducted the following archival research at the First Historical Archive of China :(1)Investigations of duplicate copies of memorials of the Council of State (Junjichu) concerning problems in Chinese Turkestan (Xinqiang) and documents about Kazakhstan area in the Qing period (Hua Li). (2)Study of the Pu Yi Archives on the issue of banner history at the end of the Qing and the beginning of the Republic (Nakami), Neiguoshiyuan documents concerning the conduct of foreign policy at the beginning of the Qing (Yanagisawa), Qing documents about governance over the Jiangnan area (Yamamoto), Qing documents about the relevant ethnic groups (Kusuonoki) and a comparative study of Qinding Menggu zeli, Rifanyuan zeli in the Mongolian language and Daqing luli in the Manchurian language (Oka).2.We considered the disposal of the Qing estates and the difficulties of its salt manors, examining the documents deposited at the Liaoning Provincial Archives (Enatsu). We also investigat … More ed the situation of the Guizhou area and western Tibet by reading documents in the Sichuan Provincial Archives and the Institute of Ethnology in Guizhou Province (Takeuchi).3.Hosoya, Nakami, Kato, and Kusunoki investigated Manchu language documents in the Grand Secretariat Archives (Neige daku) at the Institute of History & Philology in Academia Sinica.<Russia>The participants in this project conducted the following research in collaboration with Prof. Kopitiko, a Russian colleague :1.A preliminary investigation at the historical sites of Manchu Tunguses in the Zeya and the Bureya valleys on the left bank of the Amur River (Hosoya) ;2.Research at the site of the Albazin Fortress (where Russia fought against the Qing), the Albazin Museum, and the local museum of the Amur oblast in Blagoveshensk (Hosoya, Nakami, Kato, Enatsu, and Yanagisawa);3.Examination of the historical sits of the Nerchinsk Treaty, such Qing documents regardiag the Kiakhta Treaty as archives of the Court of Colonial Affairs (Lifanyuan) and Yiyulu in the Mongolian language in Chita, Nerchinsk, Irkutsk, and the Buryat Republic (Hosoya, Nakami, Kato, Enatsu, and Yanagisawa)<Italy>Hosoya, Nakami, and Kato investigated Manchu language archives and books at the Venezia National Library, the Rome National Library, the Vatican Library, and the Jesuit Archival Museum. With the help of Prof. Staley of the University of Venezia, this research clarified that the Qianlong huidian zeli in Manchurian language is located at the Rome National Library and found that many reports of missionaries in China, sent to Italy with Manchu language edits in the Qing period, are in the Jesuit Archival Museum collection.<USA>Nakami, Kate, Hua Li, and Hosoya investigated the Manchu language archives of the Qing history at the Harvard-Yenching Library. Yamamoto also examined Library of Congress manuscripts regarding inhabitants of the Jiangnan area. Less