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Dynamic characteristics of numerical dominancy judgment in visual cognition

视觉认知中数字优势判断的动态特征

基本信息

批准号：
14510094
负责人：
ISHIGUCHI Akira
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
Ochanomizu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The results of this study are as follows.1.Numerical dominancy judgment and feature detectionWe carried out some experiments on the numerical dominancy judgment with use of visual stimuli of which characteristics were pop-out and non pop-out found in the visual search studies. The results showed that the pop-out stimuli were overestimated in number, suggesting that the higher visual mechanism was involved in the process of the numerical dominancy judgment.2.Dynamic characteristics of the numerical dominancy judgmentWe studied the characteristics of numerical dominancy judgment in the condition that the number of elements in two stimulus sets was varied in time sequence. The results showed that the sensitivity to the numerosity change was lower in the dynamic display than in the static display, and that deviation from the equivalent proportion was less discriminated than the transition to equivalent proportion.. These results suggested both the degradation of sampling precision and the … More hysterisis involvement.3.Inference of statistical characteristics in the visual samplingWe investigated some comparisons between the characteristics of sequential and simultaneous samplings in the task that participants were required to infer the population means of stimulus intensities of two sets which was one version of the numerical dominancy judgment task. The results showed that the numbers of the samplings calculated with use of the statistical efficiency analysis were smaller in the sequential than in the simultaneous sampling. These results matched to the prediction based on the sequential analysis.4.The risk judgment and agingWe investigated the strategic characteristics of aged people in the visual gambling task which was a kind of the numerical dominancy judgment and prediction task The results showed that the aged subject had some difficulties to adopt the profitable strategy based on the data obtained in the process of the task, which would reflect the functional degradation of the working memory. Less

本研究的主要结果如下：1.数字优势判断与特征检测我们利用视觉搜索研究中发现的具有突出特征和非突出特征的视觉刺激进行了数字优势判断的实验研究。结果表明，在数字优势判断过程中，突出刺激的数量被高估，这表明高级视觉机制参与了数字优势判断的过程。2.数字优势判断的动态特征研究了两组刺激中元素数量随时间变化的情况下，数字优势判断的特征。结果表明，动态显示对数值变化的敏感性低于静态显示，偏离当量比的判别力低于向当量比过渡的判别力。这些结果表明，采样精度下降， ...更多信息 3.视觉抽样中统计特征的推断我们研究了在数字优势判断任务的一个版本中，被试被要求推断两组刺激强度的总体均值的任务中，顺序抽样和同时抽样的一些特征的比较。结果表明，序贯抽样比同时抽样所需的抽样数少。4.风险判断与老年化研究了老年人在数字优势判断和预测任务--视觉赌博任务中的策略特征，结果表明，老年人在任务过程中难以根据获得的数据采取有利的策略，这反映了工作记忆的功能退化。少