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Empirical research on older driver's Compensatory Driving behavior

高龄驾驶员补偿性驾驶行为实证研究

基本信息

批准号：
14510111
负责人：
KITAJIMA Hiroko
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
The Institute for Science of Labour
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The driving behavior that compensated deficiencies caused by aging was examined. The interview, the simulator experiment, and the driving experiment on road were executed.1. InterviewTen older drivers (61-77 year old), and as the contrast groups, 7 middle-aged drivers (39-58 year old), 8 younger drivers (under 30 year old) participated in the interview. The older drivers' intentional driving behavior was as follows.(1) Do not drive in a hurry. The speed of the car is kept low.(2) It is avoided to drive at rainy night.2. Driving simulator experimentThe dual task experiment to operate the car-navigation system while driving was executed. For the performances of the car-navigation operation and driving, 2 older drivers were compared with 2 younger drivers.Compared with the younger drivers, the older drivers required long times to operate the car-navigation and had many mistakes.The RTLX score of NASA-TLX was consistently high in the older driver group.These facts suggest that the driving support system that demanded an additional operation from a usual driving operation is not suitable for old drivers.3. On road experimentTo examine the non-intentional driving behavior, the system that record the driving behavior and the driving situation was developed. It is said that the old driver has some behavioral problems in the intersection. Then, driving behavior in the intersection was analyzed.To see the rear side, the older drivers multiused the room mirror. And the required time to see rear side was also longer than the younger drivers.It was clarified that this was non-intentional driving behavior to compensate for a difficulty of the rotation of the neck and secured the time to see.According to the driver behavior hierarchy model by Mikkonen & Keskinen, these results were classified.

驾驶行为，弥补老化造成的缺陷进行了检查。进行了访谈、模拟器实验和道路驾驶实验. 10名老年驾驶员（61-77岁），7名中年驾驶员（39-58岁），8名青年驾驶员（30岁以下）作为对照组参加了访谈。老年驾驶员的故意驾驶行为如下。(1)不要匆忙开车。汽车的速度保持在低水平。(2)避免在雨夜开车。驾驶模拟器实验驾驶时操作汽车导航系统的双任务实验。对2名老年驾驶员和2名青年驾驶员的汽车导航操作和驾驶性能进行了比较，与青年驾驶员相比，老司机需要长时间操作汽车导航，并有许多错误。美国宇航局的RTLX评分-TLX在老年驾驶员组中一直很高。这些事实表明，需要从通常驾驶操作中进行额外操作的驾驶支持系统并不适合老司机。道路试验为了检测非故意驾驶行为，开发了记录驾驶行为和驾驶情况的系统。据说老司机在路口有些行为问题。然后，对交叉口驾驶行为进行了分析，发现老年驾驶员为了看清后方，会多次使用后视镜。另外，与年轻驾驶员相比，观察后方所需的时间也较长，这是为了弥补颈部旋转的困难而进行的非故意的驾驶行为，并确认了观察后方所需的时间。根据Mikkonen & Keskinen的驾驶行为层次模型，对这些结果进行了分类。