Cross-modality confusion in human memory

为了探讨信息差异对错误信息的影响，我们进行了四项实验研究。在实验1中，构建了一个描述女大学生日常生活的刺激幻灯片（16）。在幻灯片展示后，被试们要么观看解释其他参与者对幻灯片内容印象的VTR，要么观看与幻灯片内容相同的印象的书面手稿。结果表明，VTR比书面文稿的影响更大。这一结果可能被解释为书面材料被仔细处理，以避免错误信息侵入记忆。不管呈现方式如何，哪些项目会受到错误信息的影响？这位女士在幻灯片上的行为很容易受到错误信息的影响。这表明，记忆中包含错误信息的任何图式都起着重要作用。另外两个实验也显示了与实验1和2相同的趋势。这表明，必须做进一步的研究来探索记忆的本质和相关的信息影响。

To investigate the effects of the informational differences in misinformation, four experimental studies were conducted. In experiment1, a stimulus slides(16) were constructed which depicted a daily life of female university student. After the presentation of slides, subjects saw either VTR which explained other participants' impressions about the slide content or written manuscript of the impressions that had same contents in VTR. The result showed that VTR had greater effects than that for written manuscript. This result might be interpreted that written material is carefully processed that the subjects avoid the intrusion of misinformation into memory. What items were influenced by the misinformation regardless of the presentation modes ? The actions the lady showed in the slides were easily influenced by the misinformation given. This suggested that any schema plays an important role that memory incorporate misinformation. Further two experiments also showed same trends as were found in experiment 1 and 2. This suggested that further studies must be done to explore the nature of remembering and related informational influence.