A Basic Study on F. Buisson in the Educational Reform of the Third Republic

本研究的目的在于厘清比松（Ferdinand Buisson，1841-1932）青年时期，特别是在锡齐尔（纳沙泰尔）的宗教教育思想，以分析比松在第三共和国教育改革中的作用。年轻时，比松在巴黎的新教福音派教堂塔布教堂（la Chapelle Taibout）与正统教派进行论战，形成了自己的宗教信仰--一个福音派自由主义者。在结识了共和党人之后，他下定决心要成为一名自由派共和党人。在法兰西第二帝国时期，他无法从事教学工作。他在Sitzerland（纳沙泰尔）找到了避难所。逃到纳沙泰尔后，他先后发表了他的教育主张，即在初等教育中废除由教师或牧师进行的圣经教育，在初等教育中引入公民教育，即关于权利、义务、人道、团结等的教育。这一计划将成为第三共和国教育改革--即儒勒·费里所谓的教育启蒙运动--的理论基础。

The purpose of this research is to clarify the religious and educational thought of Ferdinand Buisson (1841-1932) in his youth, particularly in Sitzerland (Neuchatel), for the study to analyze the role of Buisson in the Educational Reform of the Third Republic. In his younger days, Buisson formed his religious conviction -un evangeliste liberal -through the polemics with orthodoxes in la Chapelle Taibout, a protestant evangelical church in Paris. And getting acquainted with republicans, he made a firm decision to be a liberal republican. Under the Second French Empire, he could not follow the teaching profession. He found a refuge in Sitzerland (Neuchatel). After fleeing to Neuchatel, he declared successively his opinions on education, laicisation de l'education, namely, abolition of the enseignement de l'histoire sainte -biblical education by teacher or pastor in the primary school -in the primary education, and introduction of the civic education -education about right, duty, humanity, solidarity, etc. -in the primary education. This plan will be a theoretical root of Laicisation de l'Education in the Educational Reform -the so-called l'oeuvre scolaire de Jules Ferry -of the Third Republic.