A Basic Study on the Reform of Teacher Education in the early Third Republic in France

本研究的目的是考察法兰西第三共和国初期教师教育的改革，特别是对立法(法令、法令和法令)的安排和对这些法案的作者的论述进行分析。在对这一改革的研究中，我们可以分为两类，一是关于小学校长的生态化改革的研究，二是关于小学教师任命改革的历史研究。在本研究中，我们打算考虑将这两项改革统一起来，并分析这一教育改革的原始方案的作者(特别是费迪南德·比森)。研究结果如下。在这些作者的论述中，我们可以看到统一生态化小学改革的意图(特别是引入附设学校的练习和师范生与生态化小学教授的会议)和改革提名制度。这一系列改革的统一形成了第三共和国的教师教育体系。

The purpose of this study is to consider the reform of teacher education in the early Third Republic France, especially arranging the legislation(laws, decrets and aetes) and analyzing the discourses of the authors of these bills. We can distinguish two categories in the studies on this reform, firstly studies on the reforms of ecoles normales primaires, secondly historical studies on the reform of nomination of primary teachers. In this study, we intend to consider this reform unifying these two reforms and analyzing the authors of the original plan of this educational reform(especially Ferdinand Buisson). The results are as follows. We can find in the discourses of these authors, the intention to unify the reforms of ecoles normales primaries(especially introduction of the exercises in the attached schools and conferences of pupil-teachers with professors of the ecoles normales primaries) and the reform of the nomination system. This unify of reforms formed the system of teacher education in the Third Republic.