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A study of domestic crama of the Renaissance as the origin of the English novel

作为英国小说起源的文艺复兴时期的家庭戏剧研究

基本信息

批准号：
14510500
负责人：
HARA Eiichi
金额：
$ 1.79万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The English novel as produced by Daniel Defoe and Samuel Richardson in the first half of the eighteenth century has been considered to have its origin in the prose romances and criminal biographies of the late seventeenth century. Its actual beginning, however, can be traced far back into the English Renaissance when modern commercial capitalism begins to emerge. During this period human beings, uprooted from the soil, are transformed into modern citizens living inside a walled city. This transformation is most typically observable in the influx of rural population into London and the subsequent expansion and development of the urban communities and their systems. Repression of desires and conformity to civic rules are the fundamental requirements for the modern citizen. In order to succeed in the modern world, it is imperative to conform to the increasingly rigid rules of conduct and citizenship. However, the repressed energies, as they are indispensably human qualities, sometimes have its inevitable eruptions causing clashes with civilization. The crimes represented in the Domestic plays of the Renaissance are expressions of this clash between the often dehumanizing system of modern society and the primordial passions deeply rooted in the human psyche. This study takes up as its subject some of the representative examples of the Renaissance domestic plays such as Patient Grissil, Arden of Faversham, and Two Lamentable Tragedies and tries to show how the fundamental cultural framework and themes of the English novel has already been present in these plays produced a century ago. By probing into the conflicts depicted in them, the deepest concern of the English novel as a genre can be described as a cultural expression of primary dilemma of the modern man.

丹尼尔·笛福和塞缪尔·理查森在18世纪上半叶创作的英国小说一直被认为起源于17世纪下半叶的散文、浪漫和罪犯传记。然而，它的实际开始可以追溯到英国文艺复兴时期，当时现代商业资本主义开始出现。在这一时期，从土地上被连根拔起的人被改造成生活在有围墙的城市里的现代公民。这种转变最典型的体现在农村人口涌入伦敦，以及随后城市社区及其系统的扩张和发展。抑制欲望和遵守公民规则是现代公民的基本要求。为了在现代世界取得成功，必须遵守日益严格的行为和公民身份规则。然而，被压抑的能量，因为它们是人类不可或缺的品质，有时不可避免地爆发，导致与文明的冲突。文艺复兴时期国内戏剧中所表现的罪行，表达了现代社会经常去人性化的制度与根深蒂固的原始情感之间的冲突。本研究以文艺复兴时期国内戏剧中的一些有代表性的例子为研究对象，如《病人格里西尔》、《法弗沙姆的雅顿》和两部可悲的悲剧，并试图展示英国小说的基本文化框架和主题如何在一个世纪前产生的这些戏剧中呈现出来。通过对其中所描述的冲突的探讨，作为一种体裁的英语小说最深切的关注可以被描述为现代人主要困境的文化表达。