Comparative study of legal aid and advice between England and Japan

1.基于基本统计、实施后回顾《无障碍法律服务剖析》等资料，考察了英格兰和威尔士引入社区法律服务的效果。2.考察了日本法律援助的现状，特别是东岛区、东京都和长野县的现状。3.考察了东岛区、东京都和长野市的一般法律咨询。4.考察了日本消费者的法律咨询，特别是东岛区、东京和长野县。5.作者查阅了长野县司法书记员的法律意见。6.作者分析了英格兰和威尔士县法院案件的最新趋势。7.作者讨论了日本最近关于制定《ADR法》的辩论，认为该法案的颁布可能会重现和强化传统的纠纷管理机制，这应该与法治的理想不一致。8.作者提出了日本新的法律援助方案--Shiho-Net(法律服务网络)，应该借鉴英格兰和威尔士的经验和试验，特别是社区法律服务伙伴关系的方案和构想，以及社区法律服务中转诊网络和路标方案的建立和形成。

1.The author examined the effects of the introduction of Community legal Service in England and Wales, based upon basic statistics, Post-Implementation Review An Anatomy of Access : and other materials.2.The author examined the present situation of legal aid in Japan, especially in Toshima-ku, Tokyo and Nagano prefecture.3.The author examined general legal advice in Toshima-ku, Tokyo and Nagano city.4.The author examined legal advice for consumers in Japan, especially Toshima-ku, Tokyo and Nagano prefecture.5.The author examined legal advice by judicial scriveners in Nagano prefecture.6.The author analyzed recent trends of cases in the county courts in England and Wales.7.The author discussed recent debates on the enactment of the ADR Act in Japan and suggested the enactment may reproduce and reinforce the traditional dispute management mechanism, which should be inconsistent with the ideal of Rule of Law.8.The author proposed the new Japanese scheme of legal aid and advice called Shiho -net (Legal Services Network) should learn from the experience and experiments in England and Wales, especially the scheme and ideas of Community Legal Service Partnership and construction and formation of referral networks and signposting scheme in the Community legal Service.