The Practical Studies of the ORIGACHS and Economic Elites in Russia

总结本研究的主要特征，寡头、经济精英、小企业、俄罗斯公司治理是最有意义的。新的俄罗斯寡头主要有三大类：(1)前工厂经理，(2)寡头的名门望族，(3)暴发户寡头。我的结论是，当代大型工业中包含了与传统管理精英更相似的价值观的人，而银行、金融服务和商业中包含了更多具有非苏联行政背景和可能更具市场导向的人。与新的政治精英相比，经济精英与前苏联体制有着更大的联系。这项研究表明，正确的开始方式是降低小规模企业家进入正规部门的门槛。监管、税收和确立产权必须并举。较低的税收有积极的直接影响和减少监管负担的额外间接好处。

To sum up the major characteristics of this research, Oligarchs, economic elites, small busnness, corporate governance in Russia are of most Significance. There wew three main categories of new Russian oligarchs : (1)former factory managers, (2)the nomenklatura o oligarchs, (3)the upstart oligarchs. I conclude that contemporary large-scale industry contains people with values outlook more similar to the tradituinal managerial elite, whereas banking, financial services, and commerce include more people with a non soviet administrative background and possibly a more market orientation. Compared to the new political elite, the economic one has a greater affinity with the previous soviet system. This reseach suggests that the right way to begin is by lowering the barriers to entry into the formal sector for small-scale entrepreneurs. Regulation, taxation, and establishing property rights must be taken together. Lower taxes have a positive direct effect and an additional indirect benefit of lowering regulatory burdens.