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Research of EU Accession of Central and Eastern European Countries including Romania and Bulgaria, and its Impacts to Japan

罗马尼亚、保加利亚等中东欧国家入盟及其对日本的影响研究

基本信息

批准号：
14530051
负责人：
YOSHII Masahiko
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In this research, firstly, overview of the transition as a whole in the central and eastern European countries (CEECs) has been carried out. The followings have been confirmed :- The economic differences in the CEECs have been caused by their initial conditions and their transition policies ;- These differences would not be vanished, at least, in the short run ;- Efforts by the CEECs themselves and assistance mainly from the EU would be needed to shrink these differences.Secondly, the economic performance and FDI in Romania have been analyzed. The FDI policies in Romania have been arranged to some degree. But the incentives given to foreign companies are not strong, comparing with those in the advanced CEECs. Strengthening of the Romanian juridical and economic fundamentals is the first clue to induce more FDI.Thirdly, the FDI in Romania has been analyzed. Bulgaria also has to level up her economic fundamentals through FDI and foreign technologies. But the FDI data shows that the level of FDI has not been satisfactory, and her FDI incentives are not in a good appearance. More efforts by Bulgaria itself will be necessary to put the transition forward and to be a successful member of the EU.Fourthly, the economic situations in the Baltic three countries have been examined, as samples of the other advanced CEECs. Transition in these countries have been conducted rather smoothly with the good consequences in the macro economic stage. But, all these Baltic countries are facing the external imbalances, and the high-tech, IT and other industries than the light ones are lacking their competitiveness. After they enter the EU, strengthening the competitiveness in these industries, for example, through the SME promotion policies are the urgent tasks to compete with the existing and other new EU members.

在本研究中，首先，在中东欧国家（CEECs）的转型作为一个整体进行了概述。事实证明：--中东欧国家的经济差异是由其初始条件和转型政策造成的;--这些差异至少在短期内不会消失;--缩小这些差异需要中东欧国家自身的努力和主要来自欧盟的援助。其次，分析了罗马尼亚的经济表现和外国直接投资。罗马尼亚的外国直接投资政策在一定程度上是有安排的。但与先进的中东欧国家相比，给予外国公司的激励并不强烈。加强罗马尼亚的司法和经济基础是吸引更多外国直接投资的第一条线索。第三，对罗马尼亚的外国直接投资进行了分析。保加利亚还必须通过外国直接投资和外国技术来提高其经济基础。但从FDI数据来看，我国的FDI水平并不令人满意，其FDI激励机制也不尽如人意。第四，作为其他先进的中东欧国家的样本，对波罗的海三国的经济状况进行了审查。这些国家的转型相当顺利，在宏观经济阶段产生了良好的效果。但是，这些波罗的海国家都面临着外部失衡的问题，高科技、IT等产业比轻工业缺乏竞争力。加入欧盟后，加强这些产业的竞争力，例如通过中小企业促进政策，是与欧盟现有成员国和其他新成员国竞争的紧迫任务。