Globalization of management and new developments of production rationalization in Germany

本研究是在德国管理全球化的新发展和生产合理化的主题下进行的，指的是德国“三大”汽车制造商（大众，宝马，戴姆勒-克莱斯勒）从2002年到2004年积极的海外部署趋势。本研究的目的是阐明德国“三大”汽车制造商国内工厂合理化的具体情况，特别是精益生产的学习和消化，团队工作（Gruppenarbeit）的引入，模块化，平台的公有化，从（mega-）模块-扩展模块采购。供应商，以及工作时间的灵活性。同时，这项研究的另一个兴趣也是为了阐明工会（IG Metal）和工作委员会（Betriebsrat）对这种合理化的反应。为了实现研究项目，我走访了德国的国内工厂（沃尔夫斯堡，大众）和埃尔兰根和哥廷根的工业社会学研究所，获得了许多关于合理化的资料，有趣的是“5000×5000”项目。此外，我还参观了日本的汽车制造商（日产的枥木工厂和丰田的图图米工厂），并与汽车专家进行了对话，以比较日本工厂和德国工厂。本研究发现，德国“三巨头”汽车制造商在生产率、产品质量、生产成本和多品牌战略方面的竞争能力的提高是这些合理化努力的结果。

This research has been done under the theme of new development of the globalization of management in Germany and the production rationalization referring to the trend of a positive overseas deployment of German "Big Three"-automakers (VW, BMW, Daimler-Chrysler), from 2002 to 2004.The aims of this research was to clarify the concrete situation of the rationalization in domestic factories in German "Big Three"-automakers, especially, the learning and digestion of lean production, the introduction of team work (Gruppenarbeit), modularization, the communalization of platforms, the expansion of module procurement from the (mega-)module-.suppliers, and the flexibility of the working hours. Simultaneously, the another interest of this research was also to illuminate the reactions of trade union (IG Metal) and works councils (Betriebsrat) to this rationalization.In order to realize the research project, I have visited the domestic factories (Wolfsburg, VW) in Germany and the Institute of industrial sociology in Erlangen and Gottingen), acquired the many materials about the rationalization, interestingly the "5000×5000" project. Besides I have visited the Japanese Carmakers (Tochigi-plant, Nissan and Tutumi-Plant, Toyota) and dialogued with car-specialists in order to make the comparison between Japanese factories and German factories.This research has identified the improvement of the competitive abilities about the productivity, product-quality, production cost and the successes of the multi-brand strategies of German "Big-Three" carmakers as a result of these rationalization efforts at this time.