Systematic Study on Precursory Phenomena of Chiral Phase Transition in Hadronic Matter

本项目的目的是系统地研究有限T和有限密度下手征跃迁和色超导的特征性质和前兆现象，从而阐明从实验上验证它们的可能方法：(1)我们已经阐明了可能的手征恢复如何影响非线性Sigma模型中Sigma和Rho介子通道中的强度函数。(2)我们探索了用(d，^3He)和(d，^3He)创建σ介子核的可能性。(3)我们已经指出，π在深束缚子核中的反常行为，以及在2M_π阈值附近π或γ诱导的2π产生的强度函数的反常增强，可以统一地用π在核介质中的波函数重整化来描述。(4)我们已经证明了质量与Rho介子大致简并的σ介子可以存在于全晶格QCD模拟中。(5)我们已经证明，由于与手征跃迁的软模耦合，夸克谱可以被显著地修正(6)我们证明了在低温下，矢量型相互作用可以改变相图，从而使QCD相图中的另一个临界点出现。(7)CSC的前兆软模即使在CSC的临界温度以上也可以存在强度很大的前兆软模。(8)CSC的软模影响T_c附近和T_c以上的夸克性质，从而使夸克物质成为非费米液体。在夸克的态密度上做一个假缝隙。

The purposes of this project is to investigate systematically the characteristic properties and the precursory phenomena of the chiral transition and the color superconductivity(CSC) at finite T and density, and thereby elucidate the possible methods to verify them experimentally :(1)We have clarified how the possible chiral restoration affects the strength function in the sigma and the rho meson channels in a nonlinear sigma model.(2)We have explored the possibility to create the σ mesic nuclei using (d,^3He) and (d,t) reactions.(3)We have indicated that the anomalous behavior of the π in deeply bound pionic nuclei and also the anomalous enhancement of the strength function near the 2m_π threshold in π- or γ-induced 2π creations can be unifiedly described in terms of the wave function renormalization of the π in the nuclear media.(4)We have shown that the σ meson with a mass roughly degenerate with the rho meson can exist in the full Lattice QCD simulation.(5)We have shown that the quark spectra can be drastically modified due to the coupling with the soft mode of the chiral transition at finite T.(6)We have shown that the vector-type interaction can modify the phase diagram at low temperature so as to make another critical end point in the QCD phase diagram.(7)The precursory soft mode of the CSC can exist with a prominent strength even well above the critical temperature of the CSC.(8)The soft mode of the CSC affects the quark properties near but above Tc so that the quark matter may become a non-Fermi liquid, making a pseudogap in the density of states of the quarks.