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Relativistic Astrophysics Based on Brane Cosmologyブレイン宇宙モデルに基づく相対論的宇宙物理学

基于膜宇宙学的相对论天体物理学基于膜宇宙学的相对论天体物理学

基本信息

批准号：
14540281
负责人：
MAEDA Kei-ichi
金额：
$ 1.86万
依托单位：
Waseda University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The idea of "brane", which appeared in string theory, changes completely the view of the early universe and strong gravitational phenomena. It also changes the view of higher dimensions from the conventional old idea by Kaluza and Klein, i.e., the existence of a brane makes a large extra dimension possible and visible. Furthermore new brane models proposed by Randall and Sundrum give new types of compactification mechanism. Especially, the second model has become the focus of cosmologist's attention because it gives the Newtonian gravity in higher dimensional world without compactification. This model provides definitely a different aspect from the conventional Kaluza-Klein compactification. Hence many relativists and cosmologists are studying it to look for new world view. Under such a circumstance, it is very important to analyze cosmological models and strong gravitational phenomena such as a black hole or gravitational collapse based on this brane gravitational theory. In this research project, we study new view of the brane world with the help of two prominent young professors (David Wands and David Langlois).In order to clarify the properties of brane gravity, we have studied brane collision in the ekpyrotic cosmological model, which could be an alternative of the standard inflation scenario, and the reheating mechanism, which leads the universe to a big bang. We have also analyzed some effective theories with higher curvature terms, which come from quantum correction of string theory discussed their cosmological models, and proposed new inflationary scenario.

弦理论中出现的“膜”概念彻底改变了人们对早期宇宙和强引力现象的看法。它还改变了卡鲁扎和克莱因传统的旧观念对更高维度的看法，即膜的存在使得大的额外维度成为可能和可见。此外，Randall 和 Sundrum 提出的新膜模型给出了新型的致密机制。特别是，第二个模型已经成为宇宙学家关注的焦点，因为它给出了高维世界中的牛顿引力而不是紧致化。该模型提供了与传统 Kaluza-Klein 紧致化完全不同的方面。因此许多相对论者和宇宙学家正在研究它以寻找新的世界观。在这种情况下，基于膜引力理论来分析宇宙学模型以及黑洞、引力塌缩等强引力现象就显得非常重要。在这个研究项目中，我们在两位著名年轻教授（David Wands 和 David Langlois）的帮助下研究了膜世界的新观点。为了阐明膜引力的性质，我们研究了火热宇宙学模型中的膜碰撞，它可以作为标准膨胀场景的替代方案，以及导致宇宙大爆炸的再加热机制。我们还分析了一些来自弦理论量子校正的具有较高曲率项的有效理论，讨论了它们的宇宙学模型，并提出了新的暴胀情景。