Roles of ice-bands for the formation of seasonal ice zone

利用南极Syowa站接收到的ECMWF资料和MOS-1/1bMessr图像，研究了冰带结构与大气条件之间的统计关系。结果表明，冰带结构与大气条件有较高的相关性。结果表明：(1)冰带的宽度和间距与几天平均的大气条件有关；(2)冰带的长轴位于风向的右侧70-90°，受多天平均风场的影响较大；(3)在离冰风期间，冰带的宽度和间距有从内陆到冰缘减小的趋势。结果表明，从冬季到夏季，冰带尺度不仅随着浮冰大小的减小而减小，而且随着风速的减小而减小。在南极海洋，海冰的融化主要是由于海洋混合…变暖在开阔水域通过热输入(主要是太阳辐射)产生更多的层。我们提出了一个简化的冰-上层海洋耦合模型，在该模型中，海冰只通过空气提供的海洋热量融化。结果表明，冰浓度与混合层温度的关系随时间渐近收敛(CT关系)，这与夏季25°-45°E海区的观测CT图一致。该模式表明，用于融化的热量与通过开放水域输入的热量之比倾向于确定为冰浓度的函数。在南极冰川融化季节的典型情况下，这一比例大多在0.7到0.9之间。当模式在经向扩展到二维时，考虑了风的强迫，它近似地再现了南极海冰的经向退缩。这个二维模式可以描述开放水域-反照率反馈效应，这部分解释了南极海冰退缩的年际变化。较少

A statistical relationship between structures of ice bands and atmospheric conditions is examined by using ECMWF data and MOS-1/1b MESSR images received at Syowa Station, Antarctica. In these results, it is found that there are high correlation between structures of ice bands and atmospheric conditions. The results are summarized as follows :(1) It is suggested that the width and spacing of ice bands are correlated with atmospheric conditions averaged over several days.(2) Long axes of bands are oriented at 70-90° to the right of the wind direction that are influenced strongly by wind fields averaged over several days.(3) During period of off-ice winds, it is found that the width and spacing of ice bands tend to decrease from the interior region to the ice margin. It is suggested that the scales of ice bands decreases from winter to summer not only by decrease of ice floe size but also by decrease of wind speed.In the Antarctic Ocean, sea ice melts mostly by warming of the ocean mixed … More layer through heat input (mainly solar radiation) in open water area. We propose a simplified ice-upper ocean coupled model in which sea ice melts only by the ocean heat supplied from the air. The model shows that the relationship between ice concentration and mixed layer temperature converges asymptotically with time (CT-relationship), which agree with observation CT-plots during summer in the sector 25 ° -45 ° E. The model shows that the ratio of the heat used for melting to the heat input through open water is inclined to be determined as a function of ice concentration. For typical conditions in the Antarctic ice melt season, the ration ranges mostly between 0.7 and 0.9. When the model is extended to two-dimensions in the meridional direction, with the inclusion of wind forcing, it approximately reproduces the meridional retreat of the Antarctic sea ice. This two-dimensional model can describe the open water-albedo feedback effect, which partly explains the year-to-year variation of the sea ice retreat in the Antarctic Ocean. Less