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Evolutionary study of Pliopentalagus-Pentalagus lineage based mainly on the Chinese fossil records.

主要基于中国化石记录的上五爪鱼-五爪鱼谱系的进化研究。

基本信息

批准号：
14540441
负责人：
TOMIDA Yukimitsu
金额：
$ 1.98万
依托单位：
National Science Museum
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14540441/
关键词：
Amami rabbit Pliopentalagus Aztlanolagus China North America lower cheek teeth phylogenetic evolution molecular phylogeny Aztranolagus 大陸間移動第三前臼歯

项目摘要

Results of the present project from 2002 to 2004 are summarized as follows. (1)Abundant rabbit fossils of Pliopentalagus that were excavated from Anhui Province, China can be classified into three successive species (from the latest Miocene to late Pliocene) of the genus, and these species and extant Amami rabbit (Pentalagus furnessi) form a clear example of the evolutionary lineages. (2)Among those three, the oldest species was described as Pliopentalagus huainanensis by Jin (2004) who is a foreign co-operative researcher, and a descriptive paper of two other species are being prepared by Tomida. (3)Based on the phylogeny mentioned in (1)above, phylogenetic position of Pliopentalagus nihewanensis was questioned, and it became clear that its generic assignment should be changed to the genus Trischizolagus. The paper described this change is now in press. (4)It became clear that North American genus Aztlanolagus is a direct descendant of a primitive species of Chinese Pliopentalagus (P.huainanensis or closely related species), and its migration from Asia to North America occurred at about 5 or 6 Ma. (5)Aztlanolagus agilis is very similar to Chinese Pliopentalagus spp., especially P.huainanensis, and so the genus should be changed to Pliopentalagus. A manuscript describing (4)above and this generic change is being prepared by Tomida. (6)Comparing with the most recent study of molecular phylogeny of the family Leporidae, Matthee et al.(2004) gave an age of 9 to 10 MA for the diverging time of Pliopentalagus-Pentalagus lineage, which is rather closer to the age of over 7 MA estimated from the Chinese fossil records. (7)In future studies, it is planed to expand the detailed studies on the cheek teeth to all other genera (4 extant and 1 extinct) who's p3 has all 5 reentrant angles, to establish a larger scale phylogenetic tree including both extant and extinct taxa, and to compare them with the newest results of molecular phylogeny.

本项目2002年至2004年的成果总结如下：(1)安徽出土的大量上原兔化石可将该属划分为中新世晚期至上新世晚期的3个连续种，这些种与现存的阿米兔（Pentalagus furnessi）形成了明显的进化谱系。(2)其中，国外合作研究者Jin（2004）将最古老的物种描述为Pliopentalagus huainanensis， Tomida正在撰写另外两个物种的描述论文。(3)基于上文(1)的系统发育，对nihewanpliopentalagus的系统发育地位提出了质疑，明确了其属归属应改为Trischizolagus属。描述这一变化的论文现正付印。(4)北美Aztlanolagus属是中国Pliopentalagus （p.w ainanensis或近缘种）的一个原始种的直系后代，其从亚洲向北美的迁移发生在5 ~ 6 Ma左右。(5)Aztlanolagus agilis与中国的Pliopentalagus属，特别是与p.w ainanensis非常相似，应改为Pliopentalagus属。一份描述上述(4)和这一通用变化的手稿正在由富田编写。(6) Matthee et al.（2004）与最新的Leporidae科分子系统发育研究相比，认为Pliopentalagus-Pentalagus谱系的分化时间为9 ~ 10 MA，较接近中国化石记录估计的7 MA以上。(7)在未来的研究中，计划将对颊齿的详细研究扩展到其他所有属（现存4个，灭绝1个），其中p3具有全部5个可重入角，建立包括现存和灭绝分类群在内的更大规模的系统发育树，并与分子系统发育的最新结果进行比较。