Study on intraocular expression of pituitary hormones possibly involved in the regulation of retinal development in the chicken

鸡垂体激素眼内表达可能参与视网膜发育调控的研究

• 批准号: 14540615
• 负责人: TAKEUCHI Sakae
• 金额: $ 1.92万
• 依托单位: OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14540615/
• 关键词: Growth hormone; Melanocyte-stimulating hormone; Melanocortin receptor; retinal development; Chicken; Pituitary hormones; 国際情報交換; スウェーデン

We have demonstrated previously that immunoreactive α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and growth hormone (GH) are expressed in developing chicken retinas with developmentally regulated patterns. The major aim of the present study was to examine their expression and other pituitary hormones at transcriptional level. RT-PCR revealed that pituitary-specific transcription factor, Pit-1, was expressed in embryonic chicken neural retinas. The Pit-1-regulated hormones, such as prolactin (PRL), thyrotropin (TSH), GH, and their receptors were also found to be expressed. Since their expression levels in the neural retinas were very low when compared with those in the pituitary, it is possible that they act as local mediators to regulate ocular development. Pro-opiomelanocortin, a common precursor of melanocortin peptides and other peptide hormones, was expressed in the neural retinas as well as in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Two prohormone convertases, PC 1 and PC2, were clone … More d and their specific primers were designed based on the sequences obtained in this study. Using the primers, we demonstrated that PC1 and PC2 were co-expressed in both the neural retinas and RPE cells, supporting our previous finding that a MSH is expressed intraocularly. These findings suggest that neural retina is another site of pituitary hormone production during embryonic development in the chicken. Interestingly, we found for the first time that the chicken GH gene produces anti-sense-GH (GH-as) transcripts. Their transcription from the opposite strand of GH starts with downstream of the polyadenylation site of GH-sense mRNAs and ends with upstream of the TATA box for pituitary GH mRNA. More than 6 types of GH-as transcripts with different exon composition were identified. Since no open reading frames (ORFs) were detected in the GH-as transcripts, it is possible that they act as regulators of GH translation by interacting with GH-sense mRNAs though further analyses are required. We also performed additional analyses to clarify whether α-MSH has physiological roles, which may help us to study on the role of α-MSH in ocular development. Less

我们以前已经证明，免疫活性α黑素细胞刺激素(α)和生长激素(GH)在发育中的鸡视网膜中表达，具有发育调节的模式。本研究的主要目的是在转录水平上检测它们的表达和其他脑下垂体激素。RT-PCR结果表明，垂体特异性转录因子Pit-1在鸡胚胎神经视网膜中有表达。Pit-1调节的激素如催乳素(PRL)、促甲状腺激素(TSH)、生长激素(GH)及其受体也有表达。由于它们在神经视网膜中的表达水平与在脑垂体中的表达水平相比非常低，因此它们可能作为局部介质来调节眼睛的发育。前阿片黑素皮质素是黑素皮质素多肽和其他多肽激素的共同前体，在神经视网膜和视网膜色素上皮(RPE)细胞中都有表达。两个前激素转换酶PC1和PC2是克隆的…根据本研究获得的序列，设计了更多的d及其特异性引物。使用这些引物，我们证明了PC1和PC2在神经视网膜和RPE细胞中共同表达，支持我们之前的发现，即MSH在眼内表达。这些发现表明，神经视网膜是鸡胚胎发育过程中脑下垂体激素产生的另一个部位。有趣的是，我们首次发现鸡生长激素基因产生反义生长激素(GH-AS)转录本。它们从生长激素相反链的转录开始于生长激素正义mRNAs聚腺苷酸化位点的下游，结束于垂体型生长激素mRNA的TATA盒的上游。鉴定出6种以上不同外显子组成的GH-AS转录本。由于在GH-AS转录本中没有检测到开放阅读框架(ORF)，因此它们可能通过与GH正义mRNAs相互作用而调节GH翻译，尽管还需要进一步的分析。我们还进行了额外的分析，以澄清α-MSH是否具有生理作用，这可能有助于我们研究α-MSH在眼发育中的作用。较少

项目成果

Sakae Takeuchi: "Avian melanocortin system : α-MSH may act as an autocrine/paracrine hormone -a mini review"Annals New York Academy of Sciences. 994. 366-372 (2003)

Sakae Takeuchi：“禽类黑皮质素系统：α-MSH 可能充当自分泌/旁分泌激素 - 小型评论”纽约科学院年鉴 994. 366-372 (2003)。

Helgi Schioth: "Remarkable synteny conservation of melanocortin receptors in chicken, human, and other vertebrates."Genomics. 81. 504-509 (2003)

Helgi Schioth：“鸡、人类和其他脊椎动物的黑皮质素受体具有显着的同线性保守性。”基因组学。

Phillips-Singh D: "Fasting differentially regulates expression of agouti-related peptide, pro-opiomelanocortin, prepro-orexin, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide mRNAs in the hypothalamus of Japanese quail."Cell and Tissue Research. 313. 217-225 (2003)

Phillips-Singh D：“禁食对日本鹌鹑下丘脑中刺鼠相关肽、阿片黑皮素原、前食欲素原和血管活性肠多肽 mRNA 的表达进行差异性调节。”细胞和组织研究。

Maria Ling: "Association of feather colour with constitutively active melanocortin 1 receptors in chicken"European Journal of Biochemistry. 270. 1441-1449 (2003)

Maria Ling：“鸡羽毛颜色与组成型活性黑皮质素 1 受体的关联”欧洲生物化学杂志。

Sakae Takeuchi: "Avian melanocortin system : α-MSH may act as an autocrine/paracrine (a minireview)"Annals New York Academy of Sciences. (In press). (2003)

Sakae Takeuchi：“禽类黑皮质素系统：α-MSH 可能充当自分泌/旁分泌（小型评论）”纽约科学院年鉴（2003 年）。