Study on Design Guidelines and Diffusion of High-standard Evacuation Facility for Securing the Disaster-vulnerable

高标准灾民疏散设施设计导则及推广研究

• 批准号: 14550611
• 负责人: YOSHIMURA Hidemasa
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: Osaka University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14550611/
• 关键词: wheelchair; evacuation; evacuation ramp; step-by-step; curved ramp; evaluation of mobility; escape facilities; fire; 長大スロープ; 避難階段; 一時待機場所; 屋外避難スロープ; 設計者の意識調査; 誘導・支援方策; 階段型スロープ; スロープユニット; 速度計測; ADA; ハートビル法

1. Analysis of fire safety design in medical and welfare facilitiesLocation and dimensions of escape facilities, fire compartments and escape balconies were surveyed to compare the requirement of the areas of rescue assistance in ADA Accessibility Guidelines.2. Feasibility study of installing areas of rescue assistance in medical and welfare facilitiesThe increase in floor area by satisfying the requirement for the area of rescue assistance was estimated, and the feasible actions to relieve the increase in building cost were suggested. The suggestive ideas were evaluated by the experienced architects through internet questionnaire survey.3. Opinion survey of architects on effectiveness of high-standard escape facilitiesRecognition and opinion of high-standard escape facilities such as exterior escape ramp and area of rescue assistance were surveyed through questionnaire to architects who has the experience to design medical or welfare facilities. The survey clarified that high-standard escape facilities are regarded as effective means of escape in fire. Expected problems in design and the influence on planning are also clarified.4. Evaluation of mobility on step-by-step ramp by wheelchair usersSize and form of unit ramp were decided through careful experimentation. Then two unit ramps were arranged on a 1:20 ramp to form minimum step-by-step ramps to compare with a normal 1:20 ramp. Acceleration and travel distance of each trial by wheelchair users were measured to compare the evaluation of mobility on both ramps. It was ascertained that a step-by-step ramp is superior to a normal ramp in mobility and safety.5. Feasibility study on application of a step-by-step ramp to a curved rampA curved step-by-step ramp was suggested by transforming each rectangular landing to a trapezoid one. Application of step-by-step ramps on a curved ramp is expected to make it safer for wheelchair users without spoiling its beauty.

1.医疗福利设施的消防安全设计分析对逃生设施、防火隔间和逃生阳台的位置和尺寸进行了调查，比较了ADA无障碍指南中救援援助区域的要求。在医疗和福利设施中设置救援面积的可行性研究估计了满足救援面积要求后楼面面积的增加，并提出了缓解建筑成本增加的可行措施。有经验的建筑师通过网络问卷调查的方式对提示性创意进行评价。建筑师对高标准逃生设施有效性的意见调查通过问卷调查了具有医疗或福利设施设计经验的建筑师对外部逃生坡道和救援辅助区域等高标准逃生设施的认知和意见。调查澄清，高标准的逃生设施被视为火灾中有效的逃生途径。明确了设计中应注意的问题及其对规划的影响。轮椅使用者在阶梯坡道上的机动性评价单元坡道的大小和形式是通过仔细的实验确定的。然后在1：20的坡道上布置两个单元坡道，形成最小的步进式坡道，与正常的1：20坡道进行比较。测量轮椅使用者每次试验的加速度和旅行距离，以比较两个坡道上的机动性评估。确定了阶梯式坡道在机动性和安全性方面优于常规坡道。通过将每个矩形平台转换为梯形平台，提出了将阶梯坡道应用于弯曲的Rampa曲线阶梯坡道的可行性研究。在弯曲的坡道上应用步进式坡道，有望在不破坏其美观的情况下，使轮椅使用者更安全。

项目成果

ON LOCATION OF HORIZONTAL ESCAPE COMPARTMENTS IN TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN OF HOSPITAL WARDS

医院病房典型平面图中水平逃生隔间的位置

• 发表时间: 2002
• 期刊: Proceedings of Architectural Institute of Japan Kinki Chapter Research Meetings (Planning) Vol.42
• 作者: Hidemasa Yoshimura;Mikiya Fujimoto;藤本幹也;藤本幹也;牧野稔弘;藤本幹也;牧野稔弘;FUJIMOTO Mikiya;MAKINO Toshihiro;FUJIMOTO Mikiya;MAKINO Toshihiro;藤本幹也;藤本幹也;藤本幹也;FUJIMOTO Mikiya;FUJIMOTO Mikiya
• 通讯作者: FUJIMOTO Mikiya

藤本 幹也: "車いす避難時の安全性の向上を目的とした階段型スロープの提案 その1-階段型スロープユニットの検討-"日本建築学会近畿支部研究報告集 計画系. 第43号. 265-268 (2003)

藤本干也：“以提高轮椅疏散时的安全性为目的的阶梯式斜坡的提案第1部分——阶梯式斜坡单元的考虑——”日本建筑学会近畿分会研究报告规划系统第43号265-。 268（2003）

牧野 稔弘: "車いす避難時の安全性の向上を目的とした階段型スロープの提案 その2-階段型スロープユニットの昇降のしやすさの評価-"日本建築学会近畿支部研究報告集 計画系. 第43号. 269-272 (2003)

牧野敏博：“以提高轮椅疏散时的安全性为目的的阶梯式斜坡的提案第2部分-阶梯式斜坡单元的上下坡的容易程度的评价-”日本建筑学会近畿分会研究报告、规划系统，第 43 卷。269-272 (2003)

FEASIBILITY STUDY OF AREA OF RESCUE ASSISTANCE IN TERMS OF STAIRCASES SIZE OF MEDICAL AND WELFARE FACILITIES

救援区域医疗和福利设施楼梯尺寸的可行性研究

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transaction of AIJ) No.576
• 作者: 吉村英祐;藤本幹也;藤本幹也;Hidemasa Yoshimura;藤本幹也;吉村英祐;吉村英祐;藤本幹也;FUJIMOTO Mikiya
• 通讯作者: FUJIMOTO Mikiya

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF MOBILITY ON STEP-BY-STEP RAMP UNIT BY WHEELCHAIR USERS A Study on Evacuation Planning for Wheelchair Users Part3

轮椅使用者在阶梯式坡道上流动性的比较评价轮椅使用者疏散规划的研究第3部分

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Summaries of Technical papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan E-1
• 作者: 吉村英祐;藤本幹也;藤本幹也;Hidemasa Yoshimura;藤本幹也;吉村英祐;吉村英祐;藤本幹也;FUJIMOTO Mikiya;YOSHIMURA Hidemasa;YOSHIMURA Hidemasa
• 通讯作者: YOSHIMURA Hidemasa