Research on the Rolling Characteristics with Ultrasonic Oscillation for Hard-to-machine Materials

虽然在切削、下料、拉丝等领域对超声振荡应用于材料进行了部分研究，但将超声振荡应用于板材轧制的案例还很少。在我们的研究中，我们开发了一种利用超声波对SUS304、SUS430、Ti、Al、Cu、超低碳钢（ULCS）和80kg高抗拉强度钢（HT80）等材料进行轧制的激励轧制方法，从而明确了载荷特性和材料表面特性的变化。2高辊/干冷轧应用于板材的特点：(1)在SUS304、SUS430、Ti、Al、HT80等材料上证实了载荷减量效果。随着吃水的增加，其作用的趋势越来越明显。(2)在滚动Cu和ULCS的情况下，没有观察到载荷减量效应。(3)对于工况变化较大的载荷减量效应的大小，以轧制SUS304为例，厚度越厚影响越大，轧制速度越慢，载荷减量越大。2辊/润滑冷轧的特点：润滑本身引起的载荷减量是主要因素，USO轧制没有引起乘数效应。材料表面分析结果：USO轧制前后，表面层断面的显微组织和板料厚度方向的硬度分布均无差异。表面粗糙度、亮度和不规则度在不同条件下的变化是可以理解的，但没有确定任何恒定的趋势。2辊/干冷轧的特点，其中USO应用于工作辊：在轧制ULCS的情况下，观察到与USO应用于待轧板材时相同水平的负荷增量。轧辊的表面粗糙度发生了很大的变化，因此需要对设备进行进一步的研究，包括对设备的损坏。板幅测量：根据激光位移传感器在轧制前对待轧板材的测量结果，当幅值设置为3.3 μm时，轧制Al、Cu和ULCS时频率和幅值较高，轧制SUS时为中等，轧制Ti和HT80时频率和幅值较低。这种倾向的差异似乎在很大程度上取决于软材料或硬材料。少

Although studies on applying an ultrasonic oscillation (USO) to materials have been partly carried out in such fields of cutting, blanking, drawing and so, there have been few cases of utilizing the USO to sheet rolling. In our study, an exciting rolling method, which utilizes the ultrasonic waves, has been developed for materials to be rolled such as SUS304, SUS430, Ti, Al, Cu, ultra low carbon steel (ULCS) and 80kg high tensile strength steel (HT80), and thereby the variations of both load characteristics and material surface characteristics have been clarified.1.Characteristics of 2-high mill roll/dry cold rolling, where the USO being applied to sheet materials :(1) The load decrement effect was confirmed in such materials as SUS304, SUS430, Ti, Al and HT80. The tendency of its effect became more and more conspicuous with increasing a draft. (2)In cases of rolling Cu and ULCS, none of the load decrement effect was observed. (3)As for a magnitude of the load decrement effect due to a … More change of conditions, in case of rolling SUS304, a thicker sheet had a bigger effect and a lower rolling speed caused a greater load decrementsCharacteristics of 2-high mill roll/lubricated cold rolling :The load decrement due to lubrication itself was the main factor, and any multiplier effects due to the USO rolling were not observed.Result of material surface analysis :None of differences were observed both in the microstructures of the surface layer section and in the hardness distributions in the sheet thickness direction before and after the USO rolling. Changes of the surface roughness, brightness and irregularity according to various conditions, were comprehensible, but any constant tendency was not confirmed.2.Characteristics of 2-high mill roll/dry cold rolling, where the USO being applied to the work roll :In case of rolling ULCS, a same level of the load increment as shown when the USO was applied to the sheet material to be rolled, was observed. The roll surface roughness had been greatly changed, and therefore further study on the equipment including any damages to it should be required.3.Measuring of sheet amplitude :According to the results of measuring the sheet materials to be rolled before rolling, with a laser displacement transducer, when the amplitude being set at 3.3 μm, both the frequencies and the amplitudes were higher in cases of rolling Al, Cu and ULCS, medium in case of SUS, and lower in cases of Ti and HT80. The difference in such a tendency seems to depend greatly on a soft or hard material. Less