Recycling Process for Rare-Earth Magnet Sludge with Chlorine Circulating Cycle

氯循环循环稀土磁体污泥资源化工艺

• 批准号: 14550719
• 负责人: KOMAROV Sergey
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14550719/
• 关键词: recycling; sludge; selective chlorination; high temperature reaction; vacuum distillation; rare earth magnet; lanthanoid

The present research is aimed at development of an effective recycling process of rare earth elements in magnet sludge that is formed in the manufacturing processes of rare earth magnets and is heavily polluted by oxygen.In the first stage of the present research, basic trial experiments were made concerning the selective chlorination and vacuum distillation for rare earth elements in sludge of Fe -Nd -Dy -B magnet On the basis of the trials, selective chlorination with FeCl_2 was performed of rare earth elements in the sludge of Fe -Nd -Dy -B magnet, and the chlorides of trivalent rare earth elements were distilled under appropriate vacuum distillation conditions. According to the quantitative analysis, the condensates obtained at 853 -1123 K had the composition of 82.4 % Nd, 16.8 % Dy, and, 0.8 % Fe with 〜 0 % B, while the condensates obtained at 413 -853 K had the composition of 98.7 % Fe, 0.7 % Nd, and, 0.3 % Dy with 0.2 % B. The residual materials in the carbon crucible consisted of Fe with impurities of small amounts of Nd, Dy, and, very slight amounts of Co and Cl. The efficiency of distillation of Nd and Dy from initial sludge was ca. 95 % in the present study.The possibility of utilization of waste poly-vinyl chloride, PVC, as chlorination reagent was also investigated. Powders of various rare earth oxides were mixed with PVC powder, and the mixture was heated at 1073 K under He flow. From the experiments, it was found that considerably high percentage of Nd_2O_3 and La_O_3 powders were transformed to oxy-chiorides, LnOCl. This indicates the positive possibility of PVC wastes as chlorine source for the chlorination of rare earth elements in the magnet sludge.

本研究旨在开发磁污泥中稀土元素的有效回收过程，该过程在稀土磁铁的制造过程中形成，并被氧气严重污染。在本研究的第一阶段，基本试验实验的基本试验是对稀有地球的选择性固定和真空溶液的选择。 FECL_2在Fe -ND -DY -B磁铁的污泥中执行稀土元素，并在适当的真空蒸馏条件下蒸馏出三价稀土元素的氯化物。根据定量分析，在853 -1123 K处获得的冷凝物的组成为82.4％nd，16.8％Dy，0.8％Fe为〜0％b，而在413-853 k中获得的冷凝物的组成为98.7％Fe，0.7％ND和0.7％ND和0.2％B.的组成率为0.7％nd和0.2％B。少量的ND，DY，以及少量的CO和CL。最初污泥中ND和DY的蒸馏效率为大约。在本研究中95％。还研究了氯化试剂作为氯化试剂的利用的可能性。将各种稀土氧化物的粉末与PVC粉末混合，并在流动下以1073 K加热混合物。从实验中可以发现，将小心的ND_2O_3和LA_O_3粉末的高分子转化为氧芯片，lnocl。这表明PVC废物是磁污泥中稀土元素氯化的积极可能性。