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Comprehensive research on functions and effective management of museums

博物馆功能与有效管理综合研究

基本信息

批准号：
14800003
负责人：
SAITO Yasuji
金额：
$ 5.57万
依托单位：
National Science Museum
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Special Purposes
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Difficulties with discussing on museum management are mainly caused by the fact that activities and functions of museums are quite extensive. One suggestion from business administration was to use a concept of "governance". It turned out to be useful to discuss from these three points of vew : operation, management, and governance.Then, we dispatched the investigators to America, and conducted interviews with directors or deputy directors of more than 10 museums. As a result of gathering information as to governance, evaluation and relationship with boards and with communities, we found common characteristics in those museums in America : 1) they articulate their mission and make strategic plans clear, 2) they try to measure performances, or outcomes, throught visitor survey on regular basis, 3) they improve ways of operation and management by utilizing results of evaluation. In addition, the American association of museums and other organizations provide various programs supporting each museum's management.On the other hand, most museums in Japan don't have clear mission statements. As to performance measurement, only a few museums have just started to work. In order to enhance an effectiveness of museum management, it's essential to balance and make good collaboration among the three dimension : operation, management and governance. The first step for Japanese museums, is to promote studies on museum governance, and to create effective programs to encourage and support each museum's efforts.

博物馆的活动和功能十分广泛，这是讨论博物馆管理的困难所在。工商管理部门的一项建议是使用“治理”概念。从经营、管理、治理三个角度进行探讨，结果是很有帮助的。于是，我们派出调查人员前往美国，采访了10多家博物馆的馆长或副馆长。通过对美国博物馆的管理、评估以及与董事会和社区的关系等方面的信息收集，我们发现美国博物馆的共同特点：1）明确其使命，制定清晰的战略计划; 2）努力衡量绩效或成果，定期进行参观者调查; 3）利用评估结果改进运营和管理方式。此外，美国博物馆协会等组织还提供各种各样的项目来支持各博物馆的经营。另一方面，日本的博物馆大多没有明确的使命宣言。至于业绩衡量，只有少数博物馆刚刚开始工作。为了提高博物馆管理的有效性，必须在运营、管理和治理三个维度之间进行平衡和协调。日本博物馆的第一步是促进博物馆管理的研究，并制定有效的计划来鼓励和支持每个博物馆的努力。