熱帯雨林におけるフタバガキ科樹木の遺伝的変異維持機構

热带雨林龙脑香树遗传变异维持机制

• 批准号: 03J07578
• 负责人: 上谷 浩一
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: Kyushu University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03J07578/
• 关键词: 遺伝的多様性; 塩基配列多型; イントログレッション; 熱帯雨林; フタバガキ科; 分子系統; ショレア属; 種分化; 祖先多型; Shorea属; Neobalanocarpus属; Hopea属; 核遺伝子; 遺伝的変異

生物集団が保有している遺伝的変異と遺伝構造に関する知見は,生物多様性を生み出す進化ポテンシャルを適切かつ効果的に保全していくために重要である.我々は,生物の適応進化と遺伝的多様性の維持機構を明らかにする目的で,種多様性の著しく高い熱帯雨林生態系の主要構成樹木であるフタバガキ科を対象にした遺伝的変異を調査した.本研究では,同所的に生育するショレア属近縁4種ついて複数個体のDNAを採集し,4核遺伝子座および1葉緑体遺伝子座の塩基配列を決定した.核遺伝子座の平均塩基多様度はサイレントサイトあたり0.0068-0.0162であった.遺伝子系図は遺伝子座間で異なり,すべての遺伝子座で別種の遺伝子がクラスターする例が見られた.最尤法によって,種分化後に起こった遺伝子交換の程度,祖先集団の集団サイズ,およびこれら近縁種の分岐年代を推定した.この結果,近縁種間では種分化後に遺伝子交換が起こったこと,祖先集団の集団サイズが現存種のものより小さいことがわかった.また,近縁種の分岐年代は200-300万年前と推定された.本研究は,熱帯雨林構成樹木のDNA配列レベルでの遺伝的変異量を推定した初めての例であり,熱帯雨林構成樹木は各種の個体群密度が非常に低いにもかかわらず,自然集団内の遺伝的多様性はこれまでに調べられている温帯の広域分布種をそれほど変わらないことを示した.また,過去に起こった遺伝子交換が遺伝子系統樹の不一致の原因となることを明らかにした.

The biological collection maintains the information and knowledge of the biological system, and the biological multiplicity is important for the safety of the fruit. In our opinion, the mechanism for the maintenance of the multiplicity of the biological system is clear about the purpose of the rainforest, which is mainly caused by the growth of the rainforest. In this study, the family members of the same family belonged to the DNA cluster of 4 kinds of genomes, and the basic arrangement of 4 nuclear constellations was determined. The average value of the nuclear constellation is higher than that of the normal population (0.0068-0.0162). The sub-system of the baby is not in the middle of the child seat, and the sub-constellation of the baby is in the same place as the other sub-constellation. In particular, the most common method is to determine the degree of interaction after differentiation, the level of ancestral collection, and the presumption of the age of recent bifurcation. According to the results of the experiment, after the differentiation of the two species in recent years, the children began to communicate with each other, and the ancestral collection kept a variety of genes in the ancestral collection. In recent years, several bifurcations were presumed to have occurred 20-3 million years ago. In this study, the rainforest is formed into a tree, DNA is arranged in an artificial tree, and the quantity is presumed to be an example. The rainforest is formed into a tree with a very low population density, and a natural set of low-temperature rain forest is distributed in the temperature range. In the past, the reason for the inconsistency in the sub-system of the sub-system in the past has been clarified.

项目成果

Short-term Drought Causes Synchronous Leaf Shedding and Flushing in a Lowland Mixed Diptrocarp Forest, Sarawak, Malaysia

马来西亚沙捞越州低地龙脑香混交林的短期干旱导致叶子同步脱落和冲刷

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Journal of Tropical Ecology 20
• 作者: T.Ichie;T.Hiromi;R.Yoneda;K.Kamiya;M.Kohira;I.Ninomiya;K.Ogino
• 通讯作者: K.Ogino

Phylogeny of PgiC gene in Shorea and its closely related genera (Dipterocarpaceae), the dominant trees in southeast Asian tropical rain forests

• DOI: 10.3732/ajb.92.5.775
• 发表时间: 2005-05-01
• 期刊: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Kamiya, K;Harada, K;Ashton, PS
• 通讯作者: Ashton, PS