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Studies on material science of ancient bronze objects : focusing on heat treatment and corrosion

古代青铜器材料学研究：以热处理与腐蚀为重点

基本信息

批准号：
15300294
负责人：
YOKOTA Masaru
金额：
$ 10.5万
依托单位：
University of Toyama (2005-2006)Takaoka National College (2003-2004)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The obtained results of our studies are as follows.(1) Subject 1 : Research on possible use of heat treatment in bronze-mirror manufacture of ancient timesWe investigated the influence of heat-treatment conditions on the microstructure, hardness and compression strength of a hi-tin bronze. Mechanical properties of the heat-treated specimens did not show much improvement compared to the specimen that are not heat-treated. We concluded that bronze mirrors were not heat-treated after casting in ancient times.We had observed about 20 ancient bronze mirrors by optical microscope and found that some have different micro structure from that of the hi-tin bronze cast in this experiment. We are planning to cast hi-tin bronze under various cooling rate and investigate their microstructure and mechanical properties.(2) Subject 2 : Research on corrosion of ancient bronze mirror found in groundIn an early stage of the study, a DNA analysis found the presence of a strain, which is regarded as Xanthomonadaceae of Bacteroidales. Further DNA analysis by cloning found microorganisms which can be presumed to be Acetobacter and Gluconacetobacter. These analyses have shown high possibility of the presence of multiple microorganisms in corroded layers of ancient bronze mirrors. We are planning to cultivate the microorganisms, which live in unusual environment, but we have not found the appropriate medium for cultivating them. We presume that these microorganisms are causing corrosion in bronze objects. In further research, we hope to prove microbiological corrosion of ancient bronze objects.

研究结果如下：(1)课题1：热处理在古代青铜镜制造中的应用研究考察了热处理条件对高锡青铜的显微组织、硬度和抗压强度的影响。与未经热处理的试件相比，热处理后的试件的力学性能没有明显的提高。通过对约20面古代铜镜的光学显微镜观察，发现其中一些铜镜的显微组织与本实验所用的高锡青铜铸件不同。我们计划在不同的冷却速度下铸造高锡青铜，并研究其组织和力学性能。(2)课题2：在研究的早期阶段，DNA分析发现了一株被认为是拟杆菌目黄单胞菌的菌株。进一步通过克隆DNA分析，发现了可推测为醋酸杆菌和葡萄糖酸乙酸杆菌的微生物。这些分析表明，古铜镜腐蚀层中存在多种微生物的可能性很高。我们正在计划培养这种生活在特殊环境中的微生物，但我们还没有找到合适的培养基来培养它们。我们推测这些微生物正在造成青铜器的腐蚀。在进一步的研究中，我们希望能够证明古代青铜器的微生物腐蚀。