Study on the Underlying Word Order of Old English through Interlinear Glosses

(A)-(E)关注林迪斯法恩注释，(F)用其他方言写的注释，(G)古英语散文，(H)中古英语散文，以及(I)古英语和中古英语的一般情况。(A)古英语的词序将一个拉丁单词翻译成一个以上的古英语单词反映了古英语真正的句法模式。(B)古英语注释中情态结构（带情态动词和不定式的结构）和分词结构（带BE和过去分词的结构）的词序并不是拉丁语原文的形态结构的直接反映。(C)否定助词的存在对首首MV（情态不定式）和首末VM（不定式-情态）顺序或首首BV （be -分词）和首末VB （be -分词）顺序的选择有影响。(D)主语的存在与否会影响到MV和VM顺序或BV和VB顺序的选择，这表明存在文体前置。(E)由于在有主语的结构中观察到头尾顺序，我们应该得出结论，头首顺序和头尾顺序是一个可接受的潜在顺序。(F)在用北方方言以外的方言写的注释中，没有观察到文体前面的现象。(G)在古英语散文中，在情态结构和分词结构中都可以观察到类似于文体前置引起的现象。(H)中古英语散文中，文体前置的应用似乎仅限于北方方言的分词结构，但这种操作可以应用于情态结构和其他方言的分词结构。(1)北方方言与其他方言的差异可以从维京人入侵开始的古斯堪的纳维亚语的影响来解释。

(A)-(E) are concerned with the Lindisfarne Gloss, (F) glosses written in other dialects, (G) Old English prose, (H) Middle English prose, and (I) Old and Middle English in general.(A) Word order in Old English glosses translating a single Latin word into more than one Old English word reflects the genuine syntactic pattern of Old English.(B) Word order of Modal Constructions (constructions with modal verbs and infinitives) and Participle Constructions (constructions with BE and past participles) in Old English glosses is not a direct reflection of morphological structure of the Latin original.(C) The choice between head-initial MV (modal-infinitive) and head-final VM (infinitive-modal) order or head-initial BV (BE-participle) and head-final VB (participle-BE) order is influenced by the presence of the negating particle.(D) The choice between MV and VM order or BV and VB order is influenced by the presence or absence of the subject, which indicates the existence of stylistic fronting.(E) Since head-final order is observed in constructions with subjects, we should conclude that head-initial as well as head-final order was an acceptable underlying order.(F) The phenomena accounted for in terms of stylistic fronting are not observed in glosses written in dialects other than the northern dialect.(G) In Old English prose, phenomena comparable to those caused by stylistic fronting are observed in Modal Constructions as well as in Participle Constructions.(H) In Middle English prose, the application of stylistic fronting seems to be limited to Participle Constructions in the Northern dialect, but the operation can apply to Modal Constructions as well as Participle Constructions in other dialects.(I) The difference between the Northern dialect and other dialects can be accounted for in terms of the influence of the Old Norse starting from the Viking invasion.