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Some domestic factors that derived from repatriation from colonies after WW2, which influenced post-war Japan's normalization process with surrounding countries.

二战后殖民地遣返所衍生的一些国内因素，影响了战后日本与周边国家的关系正常化进程。

基本信息

批准号：
15330035
负责人：
ASANO Toyomi
金额：
$ 3.26万
依托单位：
Chukyo University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The contemporary historical problems concerning Koreans derive from pre-war Japanese empire. Different from German and Jewish relation in those days, Koreans had been regarded as Japanese when mobilized to the WW2, which had made the issues of reparations to mobilized Koreans closely related with other reparations to Japanese repatriates who had lived in Korea before the WW2 ended. Japanese residents in Korea had lost private properties such as real estates and houses when they were forced to be evacuated from Korea. Japanese national and public assets, including their private properties were regarded as substitute for Japanese government's coming reparation when a Peace treaty would be ratified. US army forces in Korea, standing on such position, confiscated or ordered to sell Japanese private assets very cheap.After returned to post-war Japan repatriates organized several pressure groups, the main aims of which was to get their lost private external assets compensated by Japanese gov … More ernments. Their properties were regarded as some precious goods which symbolized their own and their ancestors' first founding colonial lives in Korea.. For them the most important plead to Japanese government was to get the whole Japanese national community to confirm repatriates' political character as the first founding fathers who believed in causes of Asianism, revitalization of Asian countries, not as collaborators of Japanese imperialism at all. These aims were supposed to have been prior to their natural and indispensable demands, such as getting unknown siblings returned soon or getting the government to support their re-settlement in proper Japan.Their demands were so influential as to get political conservative parties to respect them. Japanese government called for a reparation for the lost private properties from Korean government. It was made legitimate based on Hague international treaties for war in 1907, which affirmed the respect for private properties. However, from Korean side, the Japanese private assets had been regarded as nothing but being accomplished by colonial exploitation, with 80% of social and public assets occupied by Japanese. South Korean government also advocated that international norm had already changed when a new principle of national self-determination appeared, and that even Japanese government recognized this principle, when Potsdam declaration was accepted. The fundamental problem for Korean government was Japanese national reparations for mobilized Koreans and Korean assets in Japan. Not being able to agree anything, the final political treaty between two countries did not mention these problems, only agreed upon Japanese economic corporation to Korea, with Japanese free loan donated to Korea. The claims of both Japanese repatriates and mobilized Koreans were obscured by these treaties, which became one of roots of contemporary historical issues. Less

有关朝鲜人的当代历史问题源于战前的日本帝国。与当时的德国和犹太人的关系不同，朝鲜人在被动员到二战时被视为日本人，这使得对被动员的韩国人的赔偿问题与对二战结束前居住在韩国的日本人的其他赔偿问题密切相关。在韩国的日本居民在被迫撤离韩国时失去了房地产和房屋等私人财产。日本的国家和公共资产，包括它们的私人财产，被认为是日本政府在批准和平条约时即将进行的赔偿的替代品。驻韩美军就站在这样的立场上，以极低的价格没收或勒令变卖日本私人资产。战后回国后，日本回国后组织了几个压力小组，主要目的是让日本政府…赔偿他们损失的私人外部资产更多的装备。他们的财产被认为是一些珍贵的物品，象征着他们自己和他们的祖先在朝鲜的第一次开国殖民生活。对他们来说，对日本政府最重要的请求是让整个日本国民社区确认遣返者的政治品格，他是信仰亚细亚主义、振兴亚洲国家事业的开国元勋，而不是日本帝国主义的通敌者。这些目标本应先于他们自然而不可或缺的要求，如尽快将不明兄弟姐妹送回日本，或让政府支持他们在适当的日本重新定居。他们的要求如此有影响力，以至于政治上保守的政党对他们表示尊重。日本政府要求韩国政府赔偿损失的私人财产。根据1907年海牙国际战争条约，它是合法的，该条约确认了对私有财产的尊重。然而，在韩国方面，日本的私人资产一直被认为是殖民剥削完成的，80%的社会和公共资产被日本人占据。韩国政府还主张，当新的民族自决原则出现时，国际规范已经发生了变化；当波茨坦宣言被接受时，即使是日本政府也承认这一原则。韩国政府面临的根本问题是日本国家对被动员的韩国人和在日本的韩国资产的赔偿。由于无法达成任何协议，两国之间的最终政治条约没有提到这些问题，只同意日本经济公司对韩国，日本无偿贷款捐赠给韩国。这些条约掩盖了被日本遣返的人和被动员的朝鲜人的要求，这成为当代历史问题的根源之一。较少