Cognitive Science on the Relations between the Composition of Landscape Planting and Visio-psychological effects

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Physio-psychological effects of plants are experimentally analyzed using a semantic differential method and cerebral hemodynamics. The semantic evaluation became positive with the incretion of plants of objects. A cerebral hemodynamics of 18 male subjects was divided into two groups : Group A showed significant decrease of blood flow volume in many cortical regions and Group B had significant increase of blood flow volume in the occipital region inspecting the objects with more plants. The interest of pupils in familiar plants and insects and the activities in a schoolyard were compared between elementary schools of yard with lawn and without lawn. The pupils of schoolyard with lawn are familiar to ordinary plants and more active in play than the pupils with no lawn. Awareness and activities of civic groups voluntarily engaging in rural forest management are investigated, and environmental consciousness becomes deep with continuous observation and positive involvement. We compared the evaluation and eye movement to pair planting between Japanese and Korean subjects to investigate the compound effects of fundamental response as physio-psychological responses mentioned above and cultural response to plants. Korean subjects prefer the pair plantings of same tree form and their eye fixations distribute on the crowns. Contrarily, Japanese subjects relatively prefer them of different tree form and their eye fixations distribute between the two trees besides their crowns. Therefore, the preference for planting composition and eye fixation patterns are considered to have intimate relations to the traditional character of planting composition. Finally, we discussed the characteristics of planting compositions of gardens, and its psychological and philosophical backgrounds in Korea and Japan comparing with China and western countries.