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Evaluation of flower scent and its control by molecular breeding

花香评价及其分子育种控制

基本信息

批准号：
15380028
负责人：
OHKI Shizuka
金额：
$ 8.83万
依托单位：
Fukui Prefectural University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1.In order to reveal the pass way of unpleasant odor emitted by Gypsophyla paniculata, enzymatic activity concerned and effect of precursor application was investigated. 3-methylbutylic acid emission increased three times by L-leucine application. Activity of pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) was high in before opening florets, then decreased dramatically after opening. Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity, which catalyzes 3-methylbutylic acid synthesis, was highest in opening florets. Acyl-CoA hydrase (ACH) activity, which catalyze 3-methylbutylic acid synthesis from isovaleroyl Co-A was also high in opening florets.2.Selection of Gypsophyla elegans var. carminea concerning the flower odor was realized. It was possible to select strong or weak odor lines after four generations.3.It was possible to detect AFLP marker for the flower odor.4.We tried to clone PDC gene. Using two pairs of degenerate primers, two RT-PCR primers, 5'-Race method and 3'-Race method, about 86% of the gene was isolated. Using the primers after this information, PDC gene expression was measured by RT-PCR. The expression level of this gene was changed with floret developmental stages. However, strong relationship between PDC gene expression and enzymatic activity could not be found.5.When isoamylalcohol, benzylalcohol and 2-phenylethylalcohol were applied to cut flower of G.paniculata, emission of 3-methylbutylic acid was decreased to 57 to 39%.

1.为了揭示圆锥石伞恶臭的传递途径，研究了其相关酶的活性和前体物质的应用效果。3-甲基丁酸排放增加了三倍，L-亮氨酸的应用。丙酮酸脱羧酶（PDC）活性在开花前较高，开花后显著下降。丙酮酸脱氢酶（PDH）的活性，催化3-甲基丁酸的合成，是最高的开放小花。乙酰辅酶A水解酶（Acyl-CoA hydrase，ACH）催化异戊酰辅酶A合成3-甲基丁酸的活性在开放小花中也很高。实现了关于花香的carminea。4.对PDC基因进行了克隆，并对PDC基因的结构进行了初步分析，结果表明，PDC基因的结构与花香味的关系密切。采用两对简并引物、两对RT-PCR引物、5 '-Race法和3'-Race法，获得了约86%的基因。使用该信息后的引物，通过RT-PCR测量PDC基因表达。该基因的表达水平随小花发育阶段而变化。但PDC基因的表达与酶活性之间并没有很强的相关性。5.异戊醇、苯甲醇和2-苯基乙醇处理过的圆锥花，3-甲基丁酸的释放量降低到57 ~ 39%。