Evaluation of flower scent and its control by molecular breeding

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1.In order to reveal the pass way of unpleasant odor emitted by Gypsophyla paniculata, enzymatic activity concerned and effect of precursor application was investigated. 3-methylbutylic acid emission increased three times by L-leucine application. Activity of pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) was high in before opening florets, then decreased dramatically after opening. Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity, which catalyzes 3-methylbutylic acid synthesis, was highest in opening florets. Acyl-CoA hydrase (ACH) activity, which catalyze 3-methylbutylic acid synthesis from isovaleroyl Co-A was also high in opening florets.2.Selection of Gypsophyla elegans var. carminea concerning the flower odor was realized. It was possible to select strong or weak odor lines after four generations.3.It was possible to detect AFLP marker for the flower odor.4.We tried to clone PDC gene. Using two pairs of degenerate primers, two RT-PCR primers, 5'-Race method and 3'-Race method, about 86% of the gene was isolated. Using the primers after this information, PDC gene expression was measured by RT-PCR. The expression level of this gene was changed with floret developmental stages. However, strong relationship between PDC gene expression and enzymatic activity could not be found.5.When isoamylalcohol, benzylalcohol and 2-phenylethylalcohol were applied to cut flower of G.paniculata, emission of 3-methylbutylic acid was decreased to 57 to 39%.