An Economic Evaluation with Land Extensive Farming Systems and Establishing Resources Management Systems in A Rural Mountainous Area for Increasing Food Security Level

1.在一二十年之内，我们将面临农村山区农业劳动力短缺的局面。把全部农业用地用于农业生产是很困难的。一些农业用地将不再用于农业生产，成为荒地。但是，如果能够建立新的非农业家庭劳动力资源利用制度，就可以解决这一问题。我们澄清了与lfa放牧有效性有关的以下几点。一是采用放牧收获收入和劳动生产率进行养牛。其次，在水稻价格下降的情况下，通过对实际耕作情况的经营模式，在lfa中放牧比种植更具经济性。第三，在lfa群体农业的案例研究中，通过全年放牧来保护土地的工作减少了使用轻割草的工作时间的一半。最后，采用放牧检查表对放牧方式进行分析与诊断，明确放牧方式的改进与建立。首先，对有限的经营资源进行集中和选择，实现经营分工的外部化，是畜牧经营走向规模化发展的必然要求。承包商的使用被提名为管理部门的外部化。第二，建立粗放型畜牧管理技术是有效利用当地资源的必要条件。第三，阐明了在偏远海岛建立牛肉育肥管理为肉牛养殖业带来的经济效益。

1.Within one or two decades, we will face to a situation of farming labor shortage in a rural mountainous area. It will be very difficult to utilize all agricultural land for agricultural production. Some of agricultural land will not be used for agricultural production that will become waste land. But, we could solve the problem if we could establish the new system for utilizing non-agricultural household labor resources.2.We clarified the following points concerned with the effectiveness of grazing in LFAs. Firstly, the adoption of grazing reaps income and labor productivity for cattle breeding. Secondly, grazing is more economical than rice cultivation in LFAs under the price decline of rice by operating farming models on the actual farming situation. Thirdly, in a case study of group farming in LFAs, work to conserve the land with yearlong grazing reduced working hours by half for cutting grass using a light mow. Finally, we made clear solutions to improve and establish grazing methods by analyzing to diagnosis of grazing farm adopting a checklist for grazing farm in LFAs.3.To the first, concentration and choice of limited management resources, and externalization of a management division are indispensability for the development of livestock management to become it on a large scale. The use of a contractor is nominated for externalization of a management division. To the second, establishment of extensive technics of livestock management was indispensability for effective utilization of local resources. To the third, we clarified that establishment of a beef fatting management in a remote island brings about economic effects for beef breeding section.