Food Security and Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health

粮食安全与心血管和代谢健康

基本信息

批准号：
10735838
负责人：
SUZANNA M MARTINEZ
金额：
$ 74.78万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-07-01 至 2027-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10735838
关键词：
Adolescence Adult Affect Age American Heart Association Area Attention Behavior Black race Blood Glucose Blood Pressure Body mass index California Cardiometabolic Disease Cardiovascular system Cause of Death Characteristics Chronic Collaborations Cross-Sectional Studies Data Development Diet Disparity Economics Environment Exhibits Family Food Future Generations Glucose Health Health Policy Health behavior Heart Diseases Infrastructure Interdisciplinary Study Intervention Investigation Knowledge Latino Life Life Cycle Stages Low income Measurement Measures Mediating Mediator Mental Health Metabolic Modeling Non-traditional Students Outcome Pathway interactions Phase Physical activity Policies Population Positioning Attribute Prevention Process Random Allocation Research Risk Role Sleep Social support Stress Students System Time Underserved Population Unhealthy Diet United States National Institutes of Health Universities Weight Work blood lipid cardiometabolism cardiovascular risk factor cohort college critical period emerging adult emerging adulthood experience food insecurity food security health disparity high risk higher education improved interest modifiable risk nicotine exposure pressure recruit sleep health theories university student young adult

项目摘要

ABSTRACT Food insecurity among U.S. college students is alarmingly high. More than 30% of U.S. college students (over 6 million) experience food insecurity, and over 40% of California college students do so (~870,000). Current U.S. college students are unlike those of previous generations. Contemporary students are nontraditional—from low- income backgrounds, financially independent, and/or first in their families to attend college (first generation). These characteristics put students at risk for food insecurity, with disparities in Black and Latino students. Food insecurity in college students is associated with factors known to contribute to poor cardiovascular and metabolic health (CVMH). Heart disease is also the 5th leading cause of death among 12 to 24 year olds, calling attention to emerging adulthood (ages 18-26) as a critical period for modifying future risk of poor CVMH. The American Heart Association (AHA) recently defined that ideal CVMH is based on Life’s Essential 8, which includes CVMH behaviors (diet, physical activity, sleep, nicotine exposure) and factors (body mass index, blood glucose, blood pressure, blood lipids). It is biologically plausible that food insecurity influences CVMH among college students via several mechanisms, but there is limited knowledge in this area. Critical gaps include limited information regarding: 1) the chronicity of food insecurity in college students, 2) emerging adulthood in the context of food insecurity and CVMH, and 3) lack of objective assessment of CVMH. Longitudinal and objective information about this relationship would provide a more comprehensive understanding of food insecurity as a modifiable risk factor for CVMH in a vulnerable student population of emerging adults . The overall objective of the proposed work is to improve our understanding of the impact of food insecurity on risk for poor CVMH in emerging adults. We propose to recruit a randomly selected cohort of students (N = 563) from UC Santa Cruz, a campus that reflects the diversity of U.S. college students. We will assess food insecurity status monthly in Year 1 and CVMH annually over a 2-year period. CVMH will be determined by CVMH behaviors and factors, as described by the AHA. Factors that are salient during emerging adulthood (family obligation, parental and social support, stress) will also be assessed. We expect that more chronic food insecurity will predict poor CVMH among students over time (Aim 1); poorer CVMH behaviors will mediate the relationship between more chronic food insecurity and poorer CVMH factors (Aim 2); and the relation of SES and food insecurity will be moderated by family obligation and supports, and the relation of food insecurity and CVMH behaviors with CVMH factors will be mediated by stress (Aim 3). This project will address many concerns regarding food insecurity and the potential CVMH disparities that exist among young adults in higher education. Food insecurity as a modifiable target for CVMH prevention is biologically plausible and potentially high impact through new and existing policy interventions.

抽象的美国大学生的粮食不安全令人震惊。超过30％的美国大学生（结束 600万）经历粮食不安全，超过40％的加利福尼亚大学生这样做（〜870,000）。当前美国大学生与前几代人不同。当代学生是非传统的 - 从低 - 收入背景，财务上是独立的和/或家人首先上大学（第一代）。这些特征使学生有粮食不安全的风险，并在黑人和拉丁裔学生中分发。食物大学生的不安全感与已知导致不良心血管和代谢的因素有关健康（CVMH）。心脏病也是12至24岁之间死亡的第五个主要原因，引起人们的注意成年（18-26岁）是改变CVMH差的未来风险的关键时期。美国人心脏协会（AHA）最近确定理想的CVMH基于生活的基本8，其中包括CVMH 行为（饮食，体育锻炼，睡眠，尼古丁暴露）和因素（体重指数，血糖，血液压力，血脂）。在生物学上，粮食不安全感会影响大学生CVMH是很合理的通过几种机制，但在这一领域的知识有限。关键差距包括有限的信息关心：1）大学生的粮食不安全感的慢性，2）在食物的背景下成年不安全感和CVMH，以及3）缺乏对CVMH的客观评估。纵向和客观信息关于这种关系将为粮食不安全感提供更全面的理解 CVMH的危险因素在新兴成年人的弱势学生人数中。拟议工作的总体目的是提高我们对粮食不安全影响的理解新兴成年人的CVMH差的风险。我们建议招募随机选择的学生队列（n = 563）来自UC Santa Cruz UC，这是一个反映美国大学生多样性的校园。我们将评估粮食不安全在2年期间，每月每月的状态和CVMH年度。 CVMH将由CVMH行为确定和因素，如AHA所述。在成年期间显着的因素（家庭义务，父母和社会支持，压力）也将被评估。我们预计会有更多的慢性粮食不安全感可以预测随着时间的推移，学生的CVMH差（AIM 1）；较差的CVMH行为将调解更多的慢性粮食不安全和CVMH因素较差（AIM 2）； SES和粮食不安全的关系将受家庭义务和支持的调节，粮食不安全和CVMH行为的关系 CVMH因子将由压力介导（AIM 3）。该项目将解决有关食物的许多问题高等教育中年轻人之间存在的不安全感和潜在的CVMH差异。粮食不安全作为预防CVMH的可修改目标，在生物学上是合理的，并且通过新的和现有的政策干预措施。