Functional analysis and estimate of irrigation and drainage system as social common foundation for the coexistence of rural and urban areas

作为城乡共存社会共同基础的灌溉排水系统功能分析与评价

基本信息

批准号：
15380163
负责人：
MITSUNO Toru
金额：
$ 8.77万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Agricultural policy has veered recently in parallel with the transformation of Japanese society. The main objective of agricultural policy had been the food production until now, but the realization of multifunctionalities of agriculture, which are by-products of agriculture, has been paid attention in late years in addition to food production. Furthermore, aside from agricultural policy as industrial policy, national land management has been very important from a standpoint of the coexistence of agricultural and urban areas. Thus, multifunctionalities of agriculture have an important meaning in agricultural policy as national land and regional policies. In this research, we focused on specific functions of agriculture, which were flood control, climate mitigation (prevention of air temperature rising), and prevention of soil loss by agricultural lands, irrigation ponds, and water channels. The investigated field site had irrigation system using agricultural ponds and was located in Sennan region in Osaka Prefecture, in which agricultural water utilization played important roles in common social platform in a region. We conducted various hydrological and meteorological observations and analyzed using measured data.As a result, it was found that irrigation facilities, such as irrigation ponds and water channels, played a role not only as agricultural platform to produce food, but also as regional social platform to supply wide-ranging services such as regional security and amenity to overall community. Especially, in urbanized area, in which both farmers and non-farmers occupy, irrigation facilities fulfill an important role as common social platform. In addition, because the social capital is very important to exert multi-functions of agriculture and irrigation facilities, the establishment of the social capital is requisite in each region. Land improvement districts, which are organizations to manage irrigation facilities by farmers, are potential social capital.

农业政策最近与日本社会的转变同行。农业政策的主要目的是到目前为止的粮食生产，但是农业多功能性的实现是农业的副产品，除了食品生产外，还在几年后引起了人们的注意。此外，除了农业政策作为工业政策外，从农业和城市地区共存的角度来看，国家土地管理非常重要。因此，农业的多功能性在农业政策中具有重要意义，作为国家土地和地区政策。在这项研究中，我们专注于农业的特定功能，这些功能是防洪，气候缓解（预防空气温度升高）以及预防农业用地，灌溉池和水道通道的土壤损失。研究的现场使用农业池塘建立了灌溉系统，位于大阪县的塞南地区，其中农业用水利用在一个地区的共同社交平台中起着重要作用。我们进行了各种水文和气象观察，并使用测量数据进行了分析。结果，发现灌溉设施（例如灌溉池和水道）不仅发挥了作用，不仅是生产食品的农业平台，而且还作为提供广泛的服务的区域社交平台，例如向整体社区提供的区域安全和商店。特别是在城市化地区，农民和非农民都占据了灌溉设施，扮演着一个重要的社会平台。此外，由于社会资本对于发挥农业和灌溉设施的多功能非常重要，因此在每个地区需要建立社会资本。土地改善区是农民管理灌溉设施的组织，是潜在的社会资本。