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An Art-historical Study of the Cave Temples in India with a Focus on Western India

印度石窟寺的艺术史研究，以印度西部为重点

基本信息

批准号：
15401010
负责人：
NAKATANI Nobuo
金额：
$ 5.5万
依托单位：
Kansai University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The present research aimed at understanding the so-called Hinayana caves of India. Generally classified into two phases, i.e. the early or Hinayana phase, and the later or Mahayana phase, preceding studies has biased towards the Mahayana caves including Ajanta caves, as most of them are adorned with sculptures and murals. Considering the circumstance, the present research focused on the minor Hinayana caves that have been neglected because many of them lack artistic expression instead of their contribution to the development of Buddhist art.The field research in 2003 was mainly practiced around Mumbai, the capital city of Maharashtra state, where 80% of all caves in India are located. Among them the major sites of the Hinayana caves such as Kanheri, Nasik, Karle and Junnar were investigated.In 2004, Junnar caves were especially focused on the basis of the field research in the preceding year. Accommodating at the town of Junnar, the research team investigated the six groups among the whole groups of Junnar caves, except for one that was inaccessible because of heavy rain. At the same time, the field research was also practiced at the minor sites of Wai and Sirwal, both of which seem contemporary with Junnar caves and were hardly known in the preceding studies.Furthermore, the research team investigated literary material both in Japan and abroad based on this field research. As a result, the existence of other minor caves contemporary with Wai and Sirwal, including Kuda, Karad, and Mahad were revealed.The field research in the final year was practiced for as many minor caves as possible, including those mentioned above. Also visiting the major sites of the Mahayana caves such as Ajanta, Ellora, and Aurangabad, the research team documented the comprehensive figure of the Hinayana caves and their influential relationship with the Mahayana caves.

目前的研究旨在了解所谓的印度小乘洞穴。一般分为两个阶段，即早期或小乘阶段，后期或大乘阶段，之前的研究偏向于大乘洞穴，包括阿旃陀洞穴，因为大多数洞穴都装饰有雕塑和壁画。考虑到这种情况，目前的研究主要集中在小乘小窟，这些小窟由于缺乏艺术表现而不是对佛教艺术发展的贡献而被忽视。2003年的实地调查主要在马哈拉施特拉邦的首都孟买进行，印度80%的洞穴都位于孟买。其中对坎赫里、纳斯克、卡勒和朱纳尔等小乘窟的主要遗址进行了调查。2004年，在前一年野外考察的基础上，对准纳洞穴进行了重点研究。在Junnar镇，研究小组调查了Junnar洞穴群中的六个洞穴群，除了一个因大雨而无法进入的洞穴群。与此同时，还在Wai和Sirwal的小遗址进行了实地研究，这两个遗址似乎与Junnar洞穴同时代，在之前的研究中几乎不为人所知。此外，课题组还在实地考察的基础上，调查了日本国内外的文学资料。结果，与Wai和Sirwal同时代的其他小型洞穴，包括Kuda， Karad和Mahad被揭示出来。在最后一年的实地考察中，尽可能多的小洞穴进行了实践，包括上面提到的洞穴。研究小组还访问了大乘佛教洞穴的主要遗址，如阿旃陀、埃洛拉和奥兰加巴德，记录了小乘佛教洞穴的全面形象以及它们与大乘佛教洞穴的影响关系。