Nichosai and Caricature in the Edo Period-The Origin of Manga and Animation-

本研究以日斋的绘画作品，如代表作《另一个世界的卷轴》、《地狱卷轴》、《四十七浪人的复仇》，以及收录其插图的书籍《歌舞伎演员集》、《大坂、京都的怪人》，来介绍艺术家的全方位输出。我还试图通过包括YosaBuson等人的漫画以及可以被视为漫画先驱的Toba-e书籍来阐明大坂的千兆传统。通过这些作品，我发现了大坂这座笑声之城的起源，这些作品具有敏锐的观察力，滑稽的场景和情况是如此精致，以至于崇高。这是现代漫画的起源（冈本一平等）当代动画

In this study, I introduce the full range of the artist's output with Nichosai's painted works, such as the representative works "Another World Scroll","Hell Scroll", and "Revenge of the 47 Ronin", and the books which include his illustrations such as" Collection of Kabuki Actors" and "Eccentrics in Osaka and Kyoto". I have also attempted to shed some light on the Osaka giga tradition by including caricatures by Yosa Buson and others, and Toba-e books, which can be seen as the forerunners of manga. Through these numerous works, featuring sharply observed comical scenes and situation that are so refined as to be sublime, I discover the origins of Osaka, the city of laughter. This is origin of modern manga(Okamoto Ippei etc.) and contemporary animation.