Beyond access – the potential of non-judicial grievance mechanisms to improve effective remedy for vulnerable groups in the field of Business and Human Rights

超越准入——非司法申诉机制改善工商业和人权领域弱势群体有效补救的潜力

• 批准号: 533693272
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Ulla Gläßer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für BR, Handels- und Gesellschaftsrecht, Arbeitsrecht und Europäische Privatrechtsentwicklung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/533693272?language=en
• 关键词: Beyond; access; potential; non; judicial

Access to effective remedy in Business and Human Rights (BHR) is a widely known challenge for rights-holders, especially for persons or groups that are deemed particularly “vulnerable” based on inherent or situational characteristics. Although the adequate consideration of vulnerable groups and individuals within the BHR remedy system has been called for by relevant actors for years, the development of necessary analytical perspectives, provisions, and procedures has remained limited to date. In addition, the terminology of "vulnerability" is contested and debated by scholars and practitioners alike.What exactly constitutes vulnerability of a person or group in the field of BHR? How can intersectionality be considered? And which measures should be taken to tailor non-judicial remedy procedures to the specific needs of vulnerable groups? The enactment of new national due diligence laws and the draft of an EU Due Diligence Directive obligate companies to provide grievance mechanisms for rights violations occurring in their supply chains. The UNGP consider non-judicial mechanisms as a key complementation to judicial remedy. Thus, finding answers to the questions above has become even more pertinent and time-sensitive.The proposed research project will thoroughly explore how effective procedural and substantive non-judicial remedy in BHR can be devised for vulnerable groups. As a foundation, the project will examine the current discourse on vulnerability and intersectionality and analyse the interplay of access to, procedural design, and outcome of non-judicial grievance mechanisms. In a second step, two selected vulnerable groups –women and minors – will be studied in more depth to illuminate the relevance of gender and minority as two exemplary factors of vulnerability. A specific focus will be placed on examining the barriers women and minors face in the different stages of the remedy process. Furthermore, the potential of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) procedures to increase participation, agency, and empowerment of women and minors will be specifically explored. Finally, the project will develop transferable results and recommendations.The project is comprised of literature- and document-based as well as empirical research elements. The latter include workshops and structured interviews with stakeholders, scholars, and experts. Three visits to countries of the Global South will be conducted to validate interim results with local stake- and rights-holders and to collect additional data via case studies, interviews, and focus group workshops.It is expected that the results of the proposed research project will contribute to the improvement of effective remedy mechanisms as well as prompt and inform further research into other factors of vulnerability and their relevance in the BHR remedy system.

在《工商业与人权》中获得有效补救是权利持有人面临的一个众所周知的挑战，特别是对于那些因固有或情境特征而被视为特别“弱势”的个人或群体而言。尽管相关行为者多年来一直呼吁在《巴塞尔人权公约》补救制度中充分考虑弱势群体和个人，但迄今为止，制定必要的分析视角、规定和程序的工作仍然有限。此外，学者和实践者对“脆弱性”的术语也有争议和争论。在BHR领域，个人或群体的脆弱性究竟是什么？如何考虑交叉性？应采取哪些措施使非司法补救程序适合弱势群体的具体需要？新的国家尽职调查法的颁布和欧盟尽职调查指令草案规定，公司有义务为其供应链中发生的侵权行为提供申诉机制。联合国政府间小组认为非司法机制是对司法补救的一个重要补充。因此，寻找上述问题的答案变得更加相关和具有时间敏感性。拟议的研究项目将深入探讨如何为弱势群体设计有效的BHR程序和实质性非司法补救措施。作为一个基础，该项目将审查目前关于脆弱性和交叉性的讨论，并分析利用非司法申诉机制的机会、程序设计和结果之间的相互作用。第二步，将更深入地研究两个选定的弱势群体-妇女和未成年人，以阐明性别和少数群体作为两个典型的弱势因素的相关性。将特别注重审查妇女和未成年人在补救过程的不同阶段面临的障碍。此外，还将具体探讨替代性纠纷解决程序在增加妇女和未成年人的参与、代理和赋权方面的潜力。最后，该项目将开发可转移的结果和建议。该项目包括基于文献和文件以及实证研究元素。后者包括研讨会和与利益攸关方、学者和专家的结构化访谈。将对全球南方国家进行三次访问，与当地利益攸关方和权利持有人一起验证中期结果，并通过案例研究、访谈、预计拟议研究项目的结果将有助于改善有效的补救机制，并推动和通报对其他脆弱性因素及其在发展中国家的相关性的进一步研究。BHR补救制度。