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Survey of Mechanism of Coastal Environmental Change under Development

开发中海岸带环境变化机制调查

基本信息

批准号：
15404016
负责人：
SHIBAYAMA Tomoya
金额：
$ 8万
依托单位：
Yokohama National University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15404016/
关键词：
Coastal Erosion Coastal Environment Sustainable Development Tsunami Rehabilitation Process 環境復興

项目摘要

In the project, the main theme was to clarify 'What is environmental effect of development in coastal region?'. In many examples, development projects are necessary and environmental problem sometimes comes to restriction condition for the planning of development projects. In the project, we noticed that the problems between development and environment change depending on situation of each country. The investigated countries are Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Iran. Also the environmental changes due to Indian Ocean Tsunami are analyzed. The tsunami attacked coastal area of Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Thailand. We organized research workshop in Yokohama (July, 2004), Phuket in Thailand (November, 2005) and Hikkaduwa in Sri Lanka (September, 2006).From engineering aspect, it is very important to predict future environmental problem. It is necessary to collect date by for example field observations. We have variety of simulation methods and they can be divided into two categorie … More s, numerical experiments (computer simulation) and hydraulic experiments (laboratory model test). We have long experiences for these techniques. However, these methods are limited to short term prediction raging from days to decades. If we follow the result of prediction by using these methods, we will have a number of "unexpected results" in long term prediction as we did in our history. In order to improve this point, it is very important to do case studies which have time ranges from 10 to 100 years. This type of analysis based on long time period is very useful to consider environmental impacts. During the term of project from 2003 to 2006, Indian Ocean Tsunami occurred in December 2004. It was a very good chance for us to survey very big impacts to coastal environment.At the first stage, time history of occurrences of coastal engineering problems are compared with economical and social development stage of each country. It is concluded that coastal problems are closely related with industrialization and development stages. Also, we confirmed that the exchange of ideas based on their own experiences will be very fruitful for coastal engineers to cope with environmental problems due to new development projects in coastal region. In Asian region, we have common problems in coastal area development. For tsunami impacts, we concluded that long term rehabilitation process will be essential. Less

该项目的主题是澄清“沿海地区发展的环境影响是什么？”。在许多例子中，开发项目是必要的，而环境问题有时成为开发项目规划的限制条件。在项目中，我们注意到发展与环境之间的问题根据每个国家的情况而变化。被调查国家包括泰国、越南、印度尼西亚、斯里兰卡和伊朗。还分析了印度洋海啸造成的环境变化。海啸袭击了印度尼西亚、斯里兰卡和泰国沿海地区。我们在横滨（2004年7月）、泰国普吉岛（2005年11月）和斯里兰卡希卡杜瓦（2006年9月）组织了研究研讨会。从工程角度来看，预测未来的环境问题非常重要。有必要通过现场观察等方式收集数据。模拟方法有很多种，可分为两大类，数值实验（计算机模拟）和水力实验（实验室模型试验）。我们对这些技术拥有长期的经验。然而，这些方法仅限于几天到几十年的短期预测。如果我们使用这些方法来跟踪预测结果，我们将在长期预测中得到许多“意想不到的结果”，就像我们在历史上所做的那样。为了改善这一点，进行10年到100年的案例研究非常重要。这种基于长时间段的分析对于考虑环境影响非常有用。 2003年至2006年项目期间，2004年12月发生了印度洋海啸，这是我们调查对沿海环境造成的巨大影响的一个很好的机会。在第一阶段，将沿海工程问题发生的时间历史与各国的经济和社会发展阶段进行比较。研究表明，沿海问题与工业化和发展阶段密切相关。此外，我们还确认，基于自身经验的思想交流对于沿海工程师应对沿海地区新开发项目造成的环境问题将非常富有成效。亚洲地区沿海地区发展存在共同问题。对于海啸的影响，我们得出的结论是，长期的恢复过程至关重要。较少的