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Integrated Research on African Way of Rural Development Based on Area Studies

基于区域研究的非洲乡村发展之路综合研究

基本信息

批准号：
16101009
负责人：
KAKEYA Makoto
金额：
$ 61.4万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16101009/
关键词：
African Way of Rural Development Tanzania Globalization Area Study Savanna Woodland Potential of Indigenous Characteristics Focal Feature Practical Sense 実態把握アフリカ農村開発経済自由化

项目摘要

This study aimed to establish a framework and methodology for examining “ African way of rural development" from the perspective of environmental conservation and utilization. This framework and methodology were designed to promote understanding of the realities in rural areas through interdisciplinary fieldwork and participatory approaches that would underpin attempts to develop solutions based on indigenous characteristics. The main results were as follows.1) The process of disseminating new technologies and/or social systems in rural societies involves introducing external factors that present opportunities for innovation and that can create new systems by virtue of their close interactions with various factors and individuals in the society. Imitative learning and emergent properties arising during this process are important contributors to the development of practices based on the potential of the indigenous characteristics of the rural areas.2) The leveling mechanisms observed in many rural societies in Africa can advance dissemination when majorities in the societies are convinced that new technologies or systems are available (endogenous maturation) as well as external conditions support the implementation. As external factors are disseminated, they become internalized within the social system and become accessible to all inhabitants.3) A practical model for rural development, based on the current situations in African rural areas, was designed on the basis of data obtained through fieldwork and participatory action. In this model, the “focal feature" of the rural area is first identified through fieldwork and discussions with the inhabitants. A solution is designed and implemented through trials conducted in the area; these trials develop the “practical sense" of the researcher and activate the potential for endogenous development. The availability of a model for endogenous development was demonstrated by this interdisciplinary study.

本研究旨在建立一个从环境保护和利用的角度审视“非洲农村发展之路”的框架和方法。这一框架和方法旨在通过跨学科实地工作和参与性办法促进对农村地区现实的了解，这将为根据土著特点制定解决办法的努力奠定基础。1)在农村社会传播新技术和/或社会制度的过程涉及引入外部因素，这些外部因素提供了创新机会，并可以通过与社会中的各种因素和个人的密切互动来创造新的制度。在这一过程中产生的模仿学习和新特性是根据农村地区土著特征的潜力发展实践的重要因素。2)在非洲许多农村社会中观察到的拉平机制可以促进传播，因为这些社会中的大多数人确信有新技术或系统可用(内生成熟)以及外部条件支持实施。3)根据非洲农村地区的现状，根据实地调查和参与性行动获得的数据，设计了一个实用的农村发展模式。在这一模式中，首先通过田野调查和与居民的讨论来确定农村地区的“焦点特征”。一个解决方案是通过在该地区进行的试验来设计和实施的；这些试验发展了研究人员的“实践意识”，并激活了内源性发展的潜力。这项跨学科研究证明了内源性发展模型的有效性。