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Comparative Folkloric Research on Funeral Rite

丧葬仪式的比较民俗研究

基本信息

批准号：
16401027
负责人：
FURUIE Shinpei
金额：
$ 9.24万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We undertook fieldwork studies on funeral and memorial practices in the Southwest Islands, Korea and Taiwan. The goal of this folklore study was to understand the unseen world of these regions. Okierabu Island and Yoron Island were the main areas studied in the Southwest Island. During early modern times Buddhism and Shintoism spread extensively throughout these island but did not seriously influence the thinking of the people there. Folk religious belief still remains in these islands. Two opposite areas; suburbs in the city of Seoul and an isolated island in the south of Korea were chosen as study areas. Influences from Confucianism and folk religion were visible among the ritual practices there. However, Christianity has strongly affected funeral practices in recent years and friction between funeral participants is becoming more serious. It is difficult to understand their practices derived from the concepts of folk religion. In Taiwan the fieldwork was carried in Taipei and its surrounds with the funeral practices of Taoist priests (doushi) and Folk religion priests (houshi) being compared. Women chorus meetings of the sacred texts of Buddhism were also investigated. We successfully identified the elements of continental and Taiwan indigenous origin.This fieldwork and comparative study gave us further clues to understand the funeral practices of these regions. All of them expressed a feeling of awe towards the spirits of the deceased. In Japan, this spirit is conceptualized as 'the gods who beg festivals" and we would like to carry out further case studies of funeral and memorial services based on this concept.

我们对西南岛屿、韩国和台湾的葬礼和纪念活动进行了实地考察。这项民俗研究的目的是了解这些地区不为人知的世界。奥基拉布岛和与论岛是西南岛的主要研究区域。近代早期，佛教和神道教在这些岛屿上广泛传播，但并没有严重影响那里人们的思想。这些岛屿上至今仍保留着民间宗教信仰。两个相对的区域；首尔市的郊区和韩国南部的一个孤岛被选为研究区域。那里的仪式习俗明显受到儒家思想和民间宗教的影响。然而，近年来基督教对丧葬习俗产生了强烈影响，葬礼参与者之间的摩擦也日趋严重。很难理解他们源自民间宗教概念的做法。在台湾，我们在台北及其周边地区进行了实地考察，对道士和民间宗教道士的丧葬习俗进行了比较。佛教经典的妇女合唱团也受到了调查。我们成功地识别了大陆和台湾本土的元素。这项田野调查和比较研究为我们了解这些地区的丧葬习俗提供了进一步的线索。他们都表达了对死者灵魂的敬畏之情。在日本，这种精神被概念化为“祈求节日的神”，我们希望基于这个概念对葬礼和追悼会进行进一步的案例研究。