Long-term fluctuation of biological activities in a lowland dipterocarp forest : Does general flowering contribute to maintenance of biodiversity

低地龙脑香科森林生物活动的长期波动：一般开花是否有助于维持生物多样性

• 批准号: 16405006
• 负责人: SAKAI Shoko
• 金额: $ 8.53万
• 依托单位: Kyoto University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16405006/
• 关键词: General flowering; Lowland dipterocarp forest; Pollination; Seed predator; Herbivore; 種子捕食者; 低地フタバガキ; 熱帯雨林; 生物多様性; ランビル国立公園; 林冠; フタバガキ; 種間相互作用

General flowering, one of the most spectacular and mysterious phenomena in tropical biology, is a masting phenomenon unique to Asian dipterocarp forests. It is unique in involving the synchronization of flowering thus fruiting across diverse plant groups. GF occurs at irregular intervals of less than 1 year to several years. We showed that this phenomenon was most likely triggered by irregular droughts based on 10 years of observations. In the aseasonal forests of SE Asia, droughts tend to occur during transition periods from La Nina to El Nino, which results in an irregular 6-7-yr cycle involving a dry period with several droughts and a wet period without droughts. On the other hand, reproductive success was positively correlated with the magnitude of general flowering. We have aim monitored population dynamics of various insects and small mammals, which are likely to be affected by general flowering. Leaf beetles collected by light traps showed various fluctuation patterns depending on species, but species sharply corresponding general flowering were very rare Therefore, we consider that general flowering is not the major driving forces of fluctuation of populations of leaf beetles. Possibly, leaf flushing may explain part of the patterns. On the other hand, population fluctuation of terrestrial and arboreal small mammals largely followed flowering and fruiting patterns. Abundance of young individuals were larger just after flowering event, thus they may depending on general flowering for reproduction. Since they are considered to be predators of dipterocarp seeds, synchronized fruiting may contribute reduction of seed predation by such mammal species.

普遍开花是热带生物学中最壮观和神秘的现象之一，是亚洲龙脑香林特有的桅杆现象。它是独特的，涉及同步开花，从而在不同的植物群体结果。GF以不到1年至数年的不规则间隔发生。我们发现，这种现象很可能是由基于10年观测的不规则干旱引发的。在东南亚的季节性森林中，干旱往往发生在从拉尼娜到厄尔尼诺的过渡时期，这导致了一个不规则的6-7年周期，包括一个有几次干旱的干旱期和一个没有干旱的湿润期。另一方面，繁殖成功与一般开花的大小呈正相关。我们有目的地监测各种昆虫和小型哺乳动物的种群动态，这些昆虫和哺乳动物可能会受到一般开花的影响。用灯诱法采集的叶甲种群数量随种类的不同表现出不同的波动模式，但与一般开花期明显对应的种类很少，因此，一般开花期不是叶甲种群数量波动的主要驱动力。可能，叶片冲洗可以解释部分模式。另一方面，陆生和树栖小型哺乳动物的种群波动主要遵循开花和结实模式。花后初期的幼株脱落细胞较大，可能依赖于一般开花进行繁殖。由于它们被认为是龙脑香种子的捕食者，同步结实可能有助于减少这些哺乳动物物种的种子捕食。

项目成果

ランビルヒルズ国立公園における小型鳥類2群の異なる果実選択

兰比尔山国家公园两组小鸟的不同果实选择

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: Nakagawa;M.;Miguchi;H.;Sato;K.;Sakai;S.;Nakashizuka;T;鴨井環・Braken O・百瀬邦泰・酒井章子
• 通讯作者: 鴨井環・Braken O・百瀬邦泰・酒井章子

Population dynamics of arboreal and terrestrial small mammals in a tropical rainforest, Sarawak, Malaysia.

马来西亚沙捞越州热带雨林中树栖和陆生小型哺乳动物的种群动态。

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology
• 作者: Nakagawa;M.;Miguchi;H.;Sato;K.;Sakai;S. & Nakashizuka;T.
• 通讯作者: T.

Population fluctuations of light-attracted chrysomelid beetles in relation to supra-annual environmental

光吸引叶甲虫的种群波动与超年度环境的关系

• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: Biotropica (in press)
• 作者: Kishimoto-Yamada;K.;Itioka;T.;Sakai;S.;Momose;K.;Nagamitsu,
• 通讯作者: Nagamitsu,

Fruit selection by two groups of frugivorous birds in Lambir Hills National Park

兰比尔山国家公园两组食果鸟类对水果的选择

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: Kamoi;T.;Brakean;O.;Momose;K.;Sakai;S
• 通讯作者: S