Local budget after German unification-the budgetary consequence of unification and the revenue gap between west and east-

本研究旨在分析此时地方预算的东西差距，并检查取消东部各州和市政当局的额外补充联邦资金的现实，计划到2019年。结果如下：1)通过联邦各州之间的收入分享和联邦补充资金，财政转移的金额仍在增加。由于东部各州的税收收入远低于西部联邦州的水平，弥合预算缺口将需要更长的时间。因此，很难想象在2020年之后不会有向东部联邦州和直辖市的财政转移(2)。然而，“团结公约II（截至2005年）”暗示，统一带来的东西差距应该在未来被合并为总体差异。事实上，东部较强的联邦州的预算正在赶上西部较弱的联邦州，西部各州工业结构薄弱地区的社会经济问题也不容忽视。我们可以在团结公约II的“第二篮子”中找到这样的暗示，其中计划和赠款的目标从整个德国的东部地区转移到结构较弱的地区。3)2005年引入的“哈茨四”改革给东部城市带来了越来越大的财政负担，失业率较高。分裂时代的负资产带来了特殊的社会经济障碍，即劳动力市场不匹配、公民社会缺失、基础设施老化等。留下这些问题会阻碍东部地区的经济发展。植根于当地社区的活动，正如在“社会一体化城市”（Soziale Stadt）计划的许多实践中所看到的那样，有望解决这些问题。

This research aimed to analyze the west-east gap in local budget at this time, and to examine the reality of abolition of additional supplementary federal funding for the eastern states and municipalities that scheduled until 2019. The results are as follows.1) Through the revenue sharing between the federal states and the supplementary federal funding, the amount of fiscal transfer is still increasing. It will take more years to bridge the budgetary gap, because the tax revenue is far below the level of western federal states in eastern states. It is difficult to imagine, therefore, that there are no fiscal transfer to eastern federal states and municipalities after 2020.2)"Solidarity Pact II (as of 2005)" however implies that the west-east gap brought about by reunification should be merged into the difference in general in the future. In fact the budgets of the stronger federal states in the east are catching up with the weaker federal states in the west, and socio- economic problem of regions with weak industrial structure in western states also should not be neglect. We can find such an implication in the 'Basket II" of Solidarity Pact II, where the target of programs and grants moves from eastern area to weaker structured area in overall Germany.3) "Hartz IV" reform introduced in 2005 has brought an increasing fiscal burden to the eastern municipality with the higher unemployment. There are peculiar socio-economic handicaps due to negative assets from divided era, namely mismatching in labor market, absence of civil society, decrepitated infrastructure and so on. Leaving these problems can retard the economic development of eastern area. Activities rooted in the local community, as can see in many practices of "Soziale Stadt"(socially integrative city) program, are expected to resolve these problems.