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Analytical study on glacial and glacial lake variations : comparison between in the Monsoon Asia and Arid Asia

冰川和冰川湖变化的分析研究：季风亚洲和干旱亚洲的比较

基本信息

批准号：
17300296
负责人：
IWATA Shuji
金额：
$ 7.87万
依托单位：
Rikkyo University (2006)Tokyo Metropolitan University (2005)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. Interpretation and mapping from aerial photographs, satellite images, and maps were carried out, and information on the main topics were collected in Mongolia and India.2. Based on these materials and data, glacial variations, glacial lake expansions, and climate changes were analyzed.3. Monsoon Asian regions: Frontal variations of glaciers in the Lahul Himalayas, India during the recent 50 years were measured by analyzing of satellite images and field data. The results show that many glaciers are retreating. GLOF (glacial lake outburst flood) events have been common phenomena in the high mountain areas of the eastern Himalayas (especially in Bhutan) in the past 50 years, and have been accelerated in the recent years. We cautioned the risks of GLOFs in the areas.4. Arid Asian regions: In the eastern Tienshan Mountains, many glaciers have retreated and several small ones have already disappeared. In the northern Karakorum, Pakistan, small glaciers became small in size, while many sev … More eral large glaciers without debris mantles have increased in their volume. In the mountains of Mongolian Altai (western Mongolia), areal changes of glaciers between 1940 and 2000 were mapped from air-photo based maps and Landsat 7EWTM+. Glacial areas decreased 10-30%,between 1940 and 1980, and no clear change has occurred after 1980.5. Climatic change: Fluctuations of air temperature, precipitation, and snow depth in Mongolia between 1960-2001 indicate that cold and much snow climate prevails from the 1960s to 1970s, but warm and less snow climate appeared in the 1990s. Basic data of Global Historical Climatology Network in the piedmont areas around the Tienshan Mountains, Central Asia, were corrected and checked the quality of the data with hydrological data.6. Conclusions: Investigation by satellite images indicate that the changing trends of glaciers and glacial lakes are different between in the Monsoon Asia and Arid Asia, and the corresponding climates are exist in Asian Continent. Less

1. 利用航空照片、卫星图像和地图进行了口译和制图工作，并在蒙古和印度收集了关于主要专题的资料。基于这些资料和数据，对冰川变化、冰湖扩张和气候变化进行了分析。亚洲季风地区：通过分析卫星图像和野外资料，测量了印度拉胡尔喜马拉雅地区近50年来冰川锋面的变化。结果表明，许多冰川正在退缩。冰湖溃决洪水（GLOF）事件是近50年来喜马拉雅东部高山区（特别是不丹）普遍存在的现象，近年来呈加速趋势。我们对该地区全球金融危机的风险提出了警告。亚洲干旱地区：在天山东部，许多冰川已经退缩，一些小冰川已经消失。在巴基斯坦的喀喇昆仑北部，小冰川的规模变小了，而许多没有碎屑地幔的更大的冰川的体积却增加了。利用航空照片地图和Landsat 7EWTM+，绘制了蒙古阿尔泰（蒙古西部）山区1940 - 2000年冰川的面积变化。冰川面积在1940 ~ 1980年间减少了10 ~ 30%，1980年以后没有明显变化。气候变化：1960—2001年蒙古气温、降水和雪深的波动表明，20世纪60 ~ 70年代蒙古气候偏冷、多雪，90年代蒙古气候偏暖、少雪。对中亚天山山前地区全球历史气候学网络基础资料进行了校正，并用水文资料对数据质量进行了检验。结论：卫星影像调查表明，季风亚洲和干旱亚洲地区冰川和冰湖的变化趋势不同，亚洲大陆存在相应的气候。少