Selective separation and recovery of palladium by hybrid microcapsules

杂化微胶囊选择性分离回收钯

• 批准号: 17360450
• 负责人: MIMURA Hitoshi
• 金额: $ 10.1万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2005 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17360450/
• 关键词: High level liquid waste; Useful element; Palladium; Insoluble ferrocyanide; Alginate gel; Microcapsule; Selective separation and recovery; Ion Exchange; 選択的分離; イオン交換; 酸化還元; 耐放射線性; アルギン酸; 有効利用; 分離フィルタ

In the high-level liquid wastes (HLLWs) generated from reprocessing process of spent nuclear, various useful elements are contained. At present, HLLWs were mixed with glass granules and melted by Joule heating. The glass products are covered with multi-barrier and then disposed in a deep geological site. Palladium tends to precipitate during melting process and to hinder the vitrification. The separation and recovery of Pd, a kind of rear metals, are thus effective for the advancement of waste treatment and enables its utilization. Further, the development of separation and recovery method becomes very important from the standpoint of "element strategy".The present paper deals with the preparation of insoluble ferrocyanides with high selectivity towards Pd^<2+> and the advancement of separation and recovery methods. The results of this study are as follows: (1) KCuFC shows relatively high uptake kinetics (uptake equilibrium within 10 min and 99.9% uptake), and the order of Pd^<2+> uptake is KCuFC > KNiFC > KCoFC. The adsorption of Pd^<2+> on ferrocyanides is very specific due to ion-exchange/oxidation and reduction. The uptake of Pd^<2+> is over 90% in the presence of 0.3-7 M HNO_3. After adsorption, the ferrocyanide was thermally decomposed and treated with acid, and then PdO with high purity was recovered as insoluble residue. (2) The fine ferrocyanides were granulated by the microencapsulation with alginate gel matrices for the column adsorption. The breakthrough capacity of Pd^<2+> ions was estimated to be 0.031 mmol/g and 92% of Pd can be eluted with thiourea. (3) The alginate films with different thicknesses enclosing KZnFC were prepared by supporting with filter paper. The Pd^<2+> ions were selectively adsorbed on the alginate film. Thus the alginate film enclosing insoluble ferrocyanides are expected for the selective separation and concentration of Pd^<2+> as an ion-exchange filter and a liquid membrane.

在乏核燃料后处理过程中产生的高放废液中，含有多种有用元素。目前，高放废液与玻璃颗粒混合，通过焦耳加热熔化。玻璃制品被多重屏障覆盖，然后被放置在地质深处。钯在熔融过程中易于沉淀，并阻碍玻璃化。钯是一种后金属，其分离和回收对于废物处理的进步是有效的，并且使其利用成为可能。从“元素战略”的角度出发，发展分离回收方法显得尤为重要，本文综述了对Pd^（2+）具有高选择性的难溶性亚铁氰化物的制备及分离回收方法的进展。结果表明：（1）KCuFC具有较高的吸附动力学（10 min内达到吸附平衡，吸附率为99.9%），吸附Pd^2+的顺序为KCuFC > KNiFC > KCoFC。由于离子交换/氧化和还原，Pd^<2+>在亚铁氰化物上的吸附是非常特异的。在0.3-7 M HNO_3存在下，Pd^（2+）的吸收率大于90%.吸附后的亚铁氰化物经热分解和酸处理后，以不溶性残渣的形式回收高纯度的PdO。(2)采用海藻酸钠凝胶微胶囊化技术将微细亚铁氰化物颗粒化，用于柱吸附。Pd^（2+）离子的穿透容量为0.031 mmol/g，硫脲可洗脱92%的Pd。(3)采用滤纸支撑法制备了包裹KZnFC的不同厚度的海藻酸钠膜。Pd^2+离子选择性地吸附在海藻酸盐膜上。因此，海藻酸盐膜包封不溶性亚铁氰化物有望作为离子交换过滤器和液膜用于选择性分离和富集Pd^2+。

项目成果

Nuclear Fuel Cycle Back-end and Nuclide Separation Methods

核燃料循环后端和核素分离方法

• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: Journal of Ion Exchange 19
• 作者: S.Ohdachi;et.al.;H.Urano;Y.Nakashima;H. Urano;Y. Nakashima;N.Oyama;H.Urano;J.Bucalossi;H.Takenaga;H.Takenaga;N. Oyama;H. Urano;J. Bucalossi;H. Takenaga;H. Takenaga;H. Takenaga;K.Kamiya;N.Oyama;H.Urano;Y.Kamada;H.Urano;H.Takenaga;H.Takenaga;K. Kamiya;N. Oyama;H. Urano;Y. Kamada;Y.Yoshimura et al.;H. Urano;Y.Yoshimura et al.;三村 均;H. Takenaga;Y.Yoshimura et al.;Hitoshi Mimura
• 通讯作者: Hitoshi Mimura

核燃料サイクルバックエンドと核種分離技術

核燃料循环后端及核素分离技术

• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: 日本イオン交換学会誌 19
• 作者: S.Ohdachi;et.al.;H.Urano;Y.Nakashima;H. Urano;Y. Nakashima;N.Oyama;H.Urano;J.Bucalossi;H.Takenaga;H.Takenaga;N. Oyama;H. Urano;J. Bucalossi;H. Takenaga;H. Takenaga;H. Takenaga;K.Kamiya;N.Oyama;H.Urano;Y.Kamada;H.Urano;H.Takenaga;H.Takenaga;K. Kamiya;N. Oyama;H. Urano;Y. Kamada;Y.Yoshimura et al.;H. Urano;Y.Yoshimura et al.;三村 均
• 通讯作者: 三村 均

Selective Uptake of Palladium by Biopolymer MicrocapsulesEnclosing Insoluble Ferrocyanides

封装不溶性亚铁氰化物的生物聚合物微胶囊选择性吸收钯

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Proceedings of GLOBAL2005 No.090
• 作者: M.Outokesh;et al.;H.Drano et al.;S.Okamura et al.;Takashi SAKAKIBARA
• 通讯作者: Takashi SAKAKIBARA

Preparation of Stable Alginate Microcapsule with Different Coatings for Extraction of Heavy Metal Ions

不同包衣的稳定海藻酸盐微胶囊的制备用于萃取重金属离子

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Proceeding of ISEC 2005 International Conference (CD-ROM)
• 作者: Mohammad Outokesh;Hitoshi Mimura;Yuichi Niibori;Kouichi Tanaka
• 通讯作者: Kouichi Tanaka

放射性廃棄物処理におけるイオン交換法を用いた核種分離の高度化

放射性废物处理中离子交换法核素分离的进展

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: 日本イオン交換学会誌 17
• 作者: S.Ohdachi;et.al.;H.Urano;Y.Nakashima;H. Urano;Y. Nakashima;N.Oyama;H.Urano;J.Bucalossi;H.Takenaga;H.Takenaga;N. Oyama;H. Urano;J. Bucalossi;H. Takenaga;H. Takenaga;H. Takenaga;K.Kamiya;N.Oyama;H.Urano;Y.Kamada;H.Urano;H.Takenaga;H.Takenaga;K. Kamiya;N. Oyama;H. Urano;Y. Kamada;Y.Yoshimura et al.;H. Urano;Y.Yoshimura et al.;三村 均;H. Takenaga;Y.Yoshimura et al.;Hitoshi Mimura;Y.Yoshimura et al.;H. Takenaga;K.Kamiya et al.;N.Oyama et al.;Y.Yoshimura et al.;三村 均
• 通讯作者: 三村 均