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Real-time, wide field-of-view monitoring of the atmosphere by means of a novel imaging lidar system

通过新型成像激光雷达系统对大气进行实时、宽视场监测

基本信息

批准号：
17510003
负责人：
KUZE Hiroaki
金额：
$ 2.2万
依托单位：
Chiba University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17510003/
关键词：
Remote Sensing Atmospheric Observation Atmospheric Aerosol Image formation Climate Dynamics Imaging Lidar 気象学

项目摘要

Atmospheric aerosols, in particular, tropospheric aerosols significantly impact the climate through the scattering of radiation and their behavior as the cloud-condensation nuclei. Their microscopic properties in the real atmosphere, however, have not been fully grasped from observations so far. The origin and transportation of extremely high-energy cosmic-ray particles are investigated in the All-sky Survey High Resolution Air-shower (Ashra) telescope project. A telescope array system for the whole hemisphere observation is currently deployed on the Hawaii Island USA Iron the present research project, we have combined this novel Ashra telescope with lidar technique in order to achieve the real-time monitoring of two-dimensional distributions of aerosols and clouds in the lower atmosphere. Although a transmitting laser system and receiving telescope system are collocated in conventional mono-static lidar observations, the highly sensitive nature of the Ashra telescope makes it possible to locate the transmitter and receiver systems separately. This bistatic approach has the advantage that the aerosol/cloud distribution near the surface level can be directly monitored in detail. If the laser beam is scanned while the detection field-of-view sector of the telescope is fixed, the density of target particles can be measured in the vicinity of the forward-scattering regime, where the scattered intensity is generally much higher than the conventional, back-scattering regime. Through this project, we have fully checked the basic performance of our imaging lidar system, and have demonstrated its capability in obtaining the atmospheric images in a two-dimensional way.

大气气溶胶，特别是对流层气溶胶，通过辐射的散射及其作为云凝结核的行为对气候产生重大影响。然而，到目前为止，从观测中还没有完全掌握它们在真实大气中的微观性质。在全天巡天高分辨率空气簇射望远镜项目中，研究了极高能量宇宙线粒子的起源和传输。目前在美国夏威夷岛上部署了一个用于全半球观测的望远镜阵列系统。在本研究项目中，我们将这种新型的Ashra望远镜与激光雷达技术相结合，以实现对低层大气中气溶胶和云的二维分布的实时监测。虽然在传统的单基地激光雷达观测中，发射激光系统和接收望远镜系统是并置的，但Ashra望远镜的高灵敏度使其能够分别定位发射和接收系统。这种双基地方法的优点是可以直接、详细地监测地表附近的气溶胶/云分布。如果在望远镜的探测视场扇区固定的情况下扫描激光束，则可以在前向散射区附近测量目标粒子的密度，在该区域的散射强度通常比传统的后向散射区高得多。通过这个项目，我们全面检查了我们的成像激光雷达系统的基本性能，并展示了它以二维方式获取大气图像的能力。