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International Comparative Research Concerning Gender and Living Costs for the Elderly

性别与老年人生活成本的国际比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
17510231
负责人：
MUROZUMI Masako
金额：
$ 2.42万
依托单位：
Tezukayama Gakuin University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study is a comparative analysis of data in Japan and six other countries with regard to income for living expenses of the elderly. The Japanese data is based on the National Survey of Family Income and Expenditure, a set of anonymously- processed microdata provided by the Research Center for Information and Statistics of Social Science, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. The data on the six countries was collected by the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) with a focus on Germany, Italy, the UK, Denmark, the U.S. and Taiwan.The following three items were analyzed. The first is household patterns of the elderly population. The second is the income configurations of the poor and non-poor. The third is the estimated relative poverty rate in income. The following paragraph outlines the analysis results of the second and third items.First, non-poor single elderly household and elderly married couple households in six countries except for Taiwan have multiple income sour … More ces. The sources are categorized into four groups by combination of main income sources. In the case of poor elderly households in the same six countries excluding Taiwan, social insurance benefits (public pension) make up 80-90% of the total income sources. Second, the income configuration of non-poor single elderly households and elderly married couple households in Japan changed from the American-style employment-plus-pension model to the German- and Italian- style social insurance-centered model in the fifteen years from 1989 to 2004. It is notable, however, that non-poor single elderly women in Japan have a higher percentage of market income than their male counterparts. This suggests that elderly Japanese women need to continue working longer than men to maintain their non-poor standard of living. Third, the relative poverty rate of all elderly Japanese people is 14.5 %, which means that one out of seven the elderly is relatively poor. This rate means that Japan ranks in fourth place from the top among the seven countries. The relative poverty rate of the elderly single women in Japan is 36.7%, following Taiwan (62.6%) and the U.S.(45.7%). Less

本研究对日本和其他六个国家的老年人生活费收入数据进行了比较分析。日本的数据基于全国家庭收入和支出调查，这是由一桥大学经济研究所社会科学研究信息和统计研究中心提供的一组匿名处理的微观数据。卢森堡收入研究（LIS）收集了六个国家的数据，重点关注德国、意大利、英国、丹麦、美国和台湾。分析了以下三个项目。首先是老年人口的家庭格局。二是贫困人口和非贫困人口的收入结构。第三个是估计的收入相对贫困率。下面概述第二项和第三项的分析结果。第一，除台湾以外的六个国家的非贫困单身老年家庭和老年夫妇家庭具有多种收入来源。根据主要收入来源的组合，来源可分为四组。对于除台湾以外的6个国家的贫困老年家庭来说，社会保险福利（公共养老金）占总收入来源的80-90%。其次，从1989年到2004年的15年间，日本非贫困单身老年家庭和老年夫妇家庭的收入结构从美国式的就业加养老金模式转变为德国、意大利式的以社会保险为中心的模式。但值得注意的是，日本非贫困单身老年女性的市场收入比例高于男性。这表明日本老年女性需要比男性继续工作更长的时间才能维持不贫困的生活水平。第三，日本所有老年人的相对贫困率为14.5%，这意味着七分之一的老年人属于相对贫困。这一比率意味着日本在七国中排名第四。日本老年单身女性的相对贫困率为36.7%，仅次于台湾（62.6%）和美国（45.7%）。较少的