A Comparative Study in Political Philosophy of Leo Strauss, Oakeshott and Jouvenel

本研究比较了Leo Strauss， Oakeshott和Jouvenel的政治哲学，这三位政治哲学家分别被研究过，但是他们之间的相互关系或者他们所共享的哲学语境并没有得到应有的重视。通过厘清他们的共指关系，本研究试图勾勒出他们作为政治哲学家的共同关注点，即：1。什么是政治哲学？2。霍布斯和保守主义。施特劳斯、奥克肖特和朱弗涅尔都是从政治与哲学之间的自然张力的角度来构想政治哲学的，在这方面，他们与主流政治理论家根本不同，后者以政治活动与理论之间的和谐关系为前提（M.Lilla的《鲁莽的头脑》和《贝特朗·德·朱弗涅尔的政治哲学》）。他们都把霍布斯的《利维坦》视为政治哲学史上划时代的著作。施特劳斯和奥克肖特对霍布斯的解释是他们长期哲学对话的结果（《主体与主体之间》和奥克肖特的《霍布斯论公民协会》）。他们的政治主张都属于保守主义。但是，尽管施特劳斯和朱韦内尔的保守主义源自自然或多元主义等传统保守主义思想，但奥克肖特的保守主义应该被认为是非常特殊的，因为它基于历史、社区和人类行为的偶然性（“保守主义”和“奥克肖特的偶然性和政治”）。

This research compares the political philosophies of Leo Strauss, Oakeshott and Jouvenel These three political philosophers have been studied respectively, but their mutual relationship or the philosophical context they share could not be said to have received good attention it deserves. By making clear their coreferential relationship, this research tries to lay out their common concern as political philosopher, that is: 1.What is political philosophy?, 2.Hobbes, and 3.Conservatism.1.Strauss, Oakeshott and Jouvenel all conceive political philosophy in terms of the natural tension between politics and philosophy, and in this respect they differ radically from the dominant political theorists, who premise a harmonious relation between political activity and theory (M.Lilla's Reckless Mind and "The Political Philosophy of Bertrand de Jouvenel").2.They all take Hobbes' Leviathan as an epoch-making work in the history of political philosophy. Strauss' and Oakeshott's interpretations of Hobbes were the results of their long philosophical conversation ("Between Subject and Subject" and Oakeshott's Hobbes on Civil Association) .3.Their political doctrines could be all categorized as conservatism. But while Strauss' and Jouvenel's conservatism are derived from the traditional conservative ideas such as nature or pluralism, Oakeshott's should be regarded as very idiosyncratic in that it was based on the contingency of history, community and human conduct ("Conservatism" and "Contingency and Politics in Oakeshott").