Michael Oakeshott (1901 - 1990): an Intellectual Biography

迈克尔·奥克肖特（Michael Oakeshott）（1901 - 1990）：一部知识分子传记

• 批准号: 111774/1
• 负责人: Robert Grant
• 金额: $ 1.79万
• 依托单位: University of Glasgow
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2006 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=111774%2F1
• 关键词: Michael; Oakeshott; 1901; 1990; Intellectual

The object is to produce a 'life and works' that shall be both scholarly and accessible, humanly interesting, illustrate the relations between Oakeshott's life, works (published and unpublished) and times, be a resource for future researchers, and bring to light Oakeshott's 70-year-long accumulation of miscellaneous notes and reflections and present them as a significant contribution to modern thought. Main research questions are: Oakeshott's intellectual pedigree; the relations between his thought and his life (was his thought merely a rationalization of his conduct, or did he live out his ideas?); how far his thought was conditioned by external factors (e.g. class, upbringing, two World Wars, the Cold War); how his thought relates to others with whom he is bracketed (Bedin, Polanyi, his LSE colleagues Popper and Hayek); whether his contention that thought is ultimately the residue of practice compromises (i.e. relativizes) its own claim to validity. Oakeshott has become seriously big business, with a stream of books about his thought appearing in the last few years. A conference at Jena University last December revealed a thriving, very high-powered Oakeshott industry in the former Eastern bloc, with participants from places as far afield as Hungary and Bulgaria (there has always been interest from the USA). More than ever there is a need, and a demand, for a full-length, complementary biography. Furthermore, Oakeshott's life possesses an independent, intrinsic interest though a very private person, he knew many public figures, and his private life was notably colourful. 1 am still better qualified than anyone else to write his life, since I undertook it at Oakeshott's family's request (they liked my 1990 book on him), and have been given sole access to a large private archive. I am also in possession of all Oakeshott's father's papers (Oakeshott senior was a founder of the Fabien Society and also of LSE). The work follows the procedures of normal narrative history: the amassing of documentary and oral evidence, the subjection of it to critical scrutiny, and the explanation, elimination or resolution of contradictions. Most of the documents -correspondence, largely - are in the massive Oakeshott archive at LSE; I have so far digitally photographed, transferred to CD, and had printed and bound about 12,500 pages, and have about 1,500 left to process. (I have omitted material subsequently published.) I have had to do this because I could not afford to live in London long enough to work directly from the archive; but a useful! Side-effect is that these copies will eventually be made available to other researchers. I have conducted many interviews with Oakeshott's family, friends and colleagues, and despite huge setbacks (see Timetable below) have managed to catch many of the oldest before their recent deaths. I have also uncovered a great deal of new material (see Changes below). The layout is straightforwardly chronological, with the works being treated as, and interweaved with, regular life-events. Key headings are: early life and upbringing; 'progressive' schooling; Cambridge; theological interests; Germany and the *Wandervoger; early Idealist philosophy; first and second marriages; war service in 'Phantom'; introduction to high society (Astor's); Oxford; affairs with Iris Murdoch, Jenifer Hart and others; move to Laski's Chair at LSE (1951-69); *Rationalism in Politics* (1962); *0n Human Conduct* (1975); his subsequent cultivation by post-modernists like Richard Rorty. To be concluded by a general summary of his character and thought, and their paradoxical nature: bohemianism vs. patriotism; traditionalism vs. 'free love'; admiration for the military virtues vs. deeply anti-war sentiments; anti-materialism vs. defence of capitalism; belief in authority vs. near-anarchist leanings; piety vs. scepticism.

其目的是产生一个“生活和作品”，应既学术和访问，人性化的有趣，说明奥克肖特的生活，作品（已出版和未出版）和时代之间的关系，是未来研究人员的资源，并揭示奥克肖特的70年之久的杂项笔记和思考的积累，并将其作为对现代思想的重大贡献。主要研究问题是：奥克肖特的知识谱系;他的思想和他的生活之间的关系（他的思想仅仅是他的行为的合理化，还是他活出了他的想法？）;他的思想在多大程度上受到外部因素的制约（例如阶级、教养、两次世界大战、冷战）;他的思想与他所处的其他人（贝丁、波兰尼、他在伦敦经济学院的同事波普尔和哈耶克）有何关系;他关于思想最终是实践的残余的论点是否损害了（即相对化了）其自身的有效性主张。奥克肖特已经成为一个大企业，在过去的几年里出现了一系列关于他思想的书籍。去年12月在耶拿大学举行的一次会议显示，在前东欧集团，奥克肖特产业蓬勃发展，参与者来自匈牙利和保加利亚（美国一直对此感兴趣）。现在比以往任何时候都更需要一本完整的、补充性的传记。此外，奥克肖特的生活拥有一个独立的，内在的利益，虽然一个非常私人的人，他知道许多公众人物，他的私人生活是显着丰富多彩。我仍然比其他任何人都更有资格写他的生活，因为我是应奥克肖特家人的要求（他们喜欢我1990年写的关于他的书）而写的，并且只有我才能接触到一个大型的私人档案。我还拥有奥克肖特父亲的所有文件（奥克肖特是法比安协会和LSE的创始人）。这部作品遵循正常的叙述历史的程序：收集书面和口头证据，对其进行严格的审查，以及解释，消除或解决矛盾。大部分文件--大部分是信件--都在伦敦政治经济学院庞大的奥克肖特档案馆里;到目前为止，我已经数码拍照，转移到CD上，打印和装订了大约12,500页，还有大约1,500页需要处理。（我省略了后来发表的材料。我不得不这样做，因为我不能住在伦敦足够长的时间，直接从档案馆工作;但一个有用的！副作用是这些副本最终将提供给其他研究人员。我对奥克肖特的家人、朋友和同事进行了多次采访，尽管遇到了巨大的挫折（见下面的时间表），但在他们最近去世之前，我还是设法抓住了许多最年长的人。我还发现了大量的新材料（见下面的变化）。布局是直截了当的时间顺序，与作品被视为，并交织在一起，定期生活事件。主要标题是：早期生活和教养;“渐进式”教育;剑桥;神学兴趣;德国和 *Wandervoger;早期唯心主义哲学;第一次和第二次婚姻;在“战地”服役;介绍上流社会（阿斯特的）;牛津大学;与艾丽丝默多克，詹妮弗哈特和其他事务;移动到拉斯基的椅子在伦敦政治经济学院（1951-69）; * 政治学 *（1962年）; * 0 n人类行为 *（1975年）;他随后的培养后现代主义者，如理查德罗蒂。最后，对他的性格和思想及其矛盾的本质进行概括：放荡不羁与爱国主义;传统主义与“自由之爱”;对军事美德的钦佩与深刻的反战情绪;反物质主义与捍卫资本主义;对权威的信仰与近乎无政府主义的倾向;虔诚与怀疑主义。