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The Structure and the Dynamics of Capitalist Economy

资本主义经济的结构和动力

基本信息

批准号：
17530144
负责人：
MIYAZAWA Kazutoshi
金额：
$ 1.54万
依托单位：
Hiroshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17530144/
关键词：
structure of reproduction reflux law of money excess of fixed capital formation of industrial reserve army a set of possibilities 生産手段量の制約資本の技術的構成産業予備軍の累進的生産商品の耐久性信用創造長期資金の媒介商品過剰

项目摘要

This research project develops a basic theory of capitalist development from the standpoint of Marxian political economy. Its purpose is to analyze the relationship between the structure of social reproduction system and the dynamic development of capitalist economy. The characteristic method of this research project is to use the schema of physical input-output system shown by Sraffa as a theory of development. Following points are made clear by this study.(1) The creation of credit money can be maintained as long as repayment is repeated. And the repayment is based on the reflux law of money that money returns to those who advanced the money to the circulation. If investment of fixed capital decreases and money is drawn from the circulation, the law does not hold true. As a result, the creation of credit money can not be maintained.(2) Because the rate of profit is generally higher than the rate of interest in the capitalist economy, the prices of stocks are apt to rise limitlessly in the phase of prosperity.(3) In the phase of depression, the real wage rate does not fall as rapidly as the money wage rate does, because physical input-output system does not change so rapidly. So it is necessary to restructure the physical input-output system in order to climb out of the depression.(4) Because radical innovations rapidly increase the physical quantities of means of production per worker, they can form a large scale of industrial reserve armies under the given quantities of means of production.(5) The form of capitalist development changes according to the structure of reproduction system. So the basic theory of capitalist development should not show a single course of development, but it should show a set of various possibilities. It is such theory that is useful in analyzing the capitalist development.

本研究课题从马克思主义政治经济学的观点出发，发展了资本主义发展的基本理论。其目的是分析社会再生产系统结构与资本主义经济动态发展的关系。本研究的特色方法是以斯拉法所提出的物理投入产出系统图式作为发展理论。本研究明确了以下几点。(1)只要重复还款，信用货币的创造就能维持。而偿还是基于货币回流规律，即货币回流给那些把货币推向流通的人。如果固定资本的投资减少，货币从流通中抽走，这个规律就不成立了。因此，信用货币的创造无法维持。(2)因为在资本主义经济中，利润率一般高于利息率，所以在繁荣阶段，股票价格往往会无限地上涨。(3)在萧条阶段，真实的工资率的下降速度不如货币工资率的下降速度快，这是因为物质投入产出系统的变化没有货币工资率那么快。因此，要走出经济衰退，就必须对物质投入产出体系进行重构。(4)由于激进的创新迅速增加了每个工人的生产资料的物理量，它们可以在生产资料的给定数量下形成大规模的工业后备军。(5)资本主义的发展形式随着再生产制度结构的变化而变化。因此，资本主义发展的基本理论不应该显示一个单一的发展过程，而应该显示一组各种可能性。正是这种理论对分析资本主义的发展是有用的。