Can rigorous assessment of the learning outcome realise without sitting traditional types of examinations?

对学习成果的严格评估能否在不参加传统类型考试的情况下实现？为了更好地回答这一问题，笔者对英国三个国家在权力下放时代的中学评估和/或资格的先进方法进行了比较，通过这项研究，现在我可以说，我特别通过威尔士学士学位资格制度证实，它不仅在威尔士，而且在整个英国实现了高等教育机构的实质性入学。材料研究，我检查了政策指南和实践记录等，包括基于互联网的。本文还充分利用了英国四个民族义务教育后学校课程类型的官方在线数据库Coursediscover。根据材料研究的访问研究如下：2005财政年度，主要是在苏格兰获得高等教育课程; 2006财政年度，主要是在英国的成人基础教育和工会基础学习; 2007财政年度，主要是新引进的、具有包容性的威尔士学士学位资格制度，我也与英国相关领域的学术研究人员进行了很好的意见交流，在日本课程研究会、日本终身教育协会、日本教育目标与评价研究会的会议上作了五次学术报告。我还要感谢日本职业技术教育研究会的公报、日本终身教育协会的Ronshu（条约集）和终身学习研究e百科全书。此外，我于2008年3月28日在科比大学被日本国立大学协会邀请为“中学-高等教育衔接研讨会”的英国案例研究嘉宾。

Can rigorous assessment of learning outcome realize without sitting traditional types of examinations? For making good answer to the question, I compare advanced approaches in secondary levels of assessment and/or qualifications between the three British nations of England, Scotland and Wales in devolution age.Through this research, now I can say that I confirm particularly through the Welsh Baccalaureate Qualification system it realise not only in Wales but also to the entire Britain regarding admission of higher education institutions substantially.As material research, I examined the policy guidelines and practice records, etc. including the Internet based ones. I also make good use of the Coursediscover, which is official on-line database the whole type of school curriculum after the compulsory education of the four nations of the United Kingdom. Visiting research based on the material research was as follows.The 2005 fiscal year, mainly Access to HE Programmes in ScotlandThe 2006 fiscal year, mainly Adult Basic Education and Trade Union Basic Learning in EnglandThe 2007 fiscal year, mainly the newly introducing and inclusive Welsh Baccalaureate Qualification systemI also had very good opinion exchanges with academic researchers of the related fields in the UK.I made academic presentations five times at conferences of the Japanese Society for Curriculum Studies, the Japan Association of Lifelong Education, and the Japanese Society for the Studies of Educational Objectives and Evaluation. I also tribute to the Bulletin of Japan Society for the Studies of Vocational and Technical Education, the Ronshu (Treaties Collection) of the Japan Association of Lifelong Education, and the Lifelong Learning Studies e Cyclopaedia. In addition I was invited as a guest presenter for British Case Study for "Secondary-Higher Education Articulation Workshop" by the Japan Association of National Universities on March 28, 2008 at Kobe University.