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Relationship between trunk posture and the limb joint mechanics dining the primate locomotion

躯干姿势与灵长类运动的肢体关节力学的关系

基本信息

批准号：
17570194
负责人：
KUMAKURA Hiroo
金额：
$ 2.12万
依托单位：
Osaka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17570194/
关键词：
Primates Trunk Posture Limb ioint mechanics Morphological adaptation Motion analysis Gross anatomy Histology 体肢関節形態学的適応

项目摘要

The analysis of the relationship between the limb motion pattern and the trunk posture during horizontal quadrupedal walking of the Japanese macaque was performed. In order to evaluate comprehensive motor pattern, the lengths of whole limbs, which were determined by the excursions of the joint, were analyzed. The angles of the whole trunk in the three dimensional space were calculated and investigated against the limb length. A series of the experiment revealed the relationship of both parameters. Three additional research problems were found during the experiment, First problem concerns to the actual limit of the limb joint excursion. We developed the method to evaluate the range of the joint excursion in cadaver. Then we adopted this method to the knee joint rotation in seven primate species, and we could discuss on the locomotor adaptation of the knee joint structure in primates. Second problem concerns to the proprioceptive attributes of the muscles acting to the limb joints. If the trunk posture was controlled by limb conditions, it is important to gather the information of the joint posture. To achieve this demand, the muscles spindle would play a critical roll. Thus we tested the histological characteristics of the prosimian shoulder joint muscles. The results suggested the distribution of the muscle spindle would well reflect the species-specific mode of locomotion. The third and last problem concerns to the structure of the experimental setting. The horizontal walkway, which was used in traditional experimental setting. supplies the continuous support to the subject. However, the arboreal primates used to utilized the discontinuous branch support. Thus we planed to test the horizontal ladder-like support as the more ecologically appropriate experimental setting. The experimental animals could perform the locomotor behavior on it. Then we collected the data of the horizontal quadrupedal walking of the Japanese macaques, Primates.

对日本猕猴水平四足行走时肢体运动模式与躯干姿态的关系进行了分析。为了评价综合运动模式，分析了由关节位移决定的全肢长度。计算并研究了整个躯干在三维空间中的角度与肢体长度的关系。一系列的实验揭示了这两个参数之间的关系。在实验中还发现了三个研究问题：第一个问题涉及到肢体关节运动的实际极限。我们开发了一种在尸体上评估关节偏移范围的方法。然后将该方法应用于7种灵长类动物的膝关节旋转，探讨灵长类动物膝关节结构的运动适应性。第二个问题涉及作用于肢体关节的肌肉的本体感觉属性。如果躯干姿态受肢体状况控制，那么收集关节姿态信息是很重要的。为了实现这一需求，肌肉纺锤体将发挥关键作用。因此，我们测试了前肩关节肌肉的组织学特征。结果表明，肌肉纺锤体的分布能很好地反映出物种特有的运动模式。第三个也是最后一个问题与实验设置的结构有关。水平走道，用于传统的实验设置。为主体提供持续的支持。然而，树栖灵长类动物习惯于利用不连续的树枝支撑。因此，我们计划测试水平阶梯状的支撑作为更生态适宜的实验环境。实验动物可以在其上进行运动行为。然后我们收集了日本猕猴水平四足行走的数据。