Functional Morphology of Primate Epaxial Muscles.

灵长类外轴肌肉的功能形态学。

• 批准号: 05640804
• 负责人: KUMAKURA Hiroo
• 金额: $ 1.15万
• 依托单位: Osaka University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05640804/
• 关键词: Primates; Epxial muscles; Functional morphology; Gross anatomy; Histology; EMG; Adaptation; 運動学

The correlation between finction and morphology of the epaxial muscle were not enough investigated, because of its complex structure. However, the demand for the modification of the morphology and function in the epaxial structure would be needed to acquisit human erect bipedal habit. Thus the functional-morphological studies of the epaxial muscle of the primate, which includes human, would be the important research problem.We planned to study this problem by means of the three aspects which inluded the gross anatomical study, histological study and EMG analysis.We selected the terrestrial patas monkey and hamadryas baboon as the materials for the gross anatomical study, because head investigator have already accumulated arboreal species of the primates. The comparison between arboreal and terrestrial species revealed that the epaxial muscle structure in the thoraco-lumbar junction of the terrestrial species was more massive than those of arboreal species.We attempted to qualify the nu … More mber of the muscle spindles in the cervical epaxial muscles. Because the relative number of the muscle spidles would reflect the amount of the feed-back information, the muscle which have large number of spidles would act the sensor of the joint motion. After this correlation, the function of the deep muscle, whose EMG activity can not be tested easily, would be investigated.The results from the five species of the primates suggested that the interspecific variation existed in the relative number of the muscle spindle. Furthermore, this variation might correlated to the species-specific mode of locmotion.The muscular activity of the lumber erector spinae muscle of the Japanese macaque were investigated during postural and locomotor behavior. Although this muscle were not active during sitting or level quadrupedal walking, the bilateral sustaining activities were observed in bipedal standing and bipedal walking. These bilateral activity would extend to the thoraco-lumbar junction of the macaque and maintain these posture and locmotion. Less

由于轴上肌结构复杂，其功能与形态的相关性研究较少。然而，要获得直立两足的习惯，需要改变轴上结构的形态和功能。因此，对灵长类动物（包括人类）轴上肌的功能-形态学研究将是一个重要的研究课题，本研究拟从大体解剖学、组织学和肌电分析三个方面对这一问题进行研究。因为首席研究员已经积累了灵长类动物的树栖物种。树栖和陆栖物种的比较显示，陆栖物种胸腰连接处的轴上肌结构比树栖物种的更大。 ...更多信息 颈部轴上肌中肌梭的数量。由于肌梭的相对数目反映了反馈信息的多少，因此肌梭数目多的肌肉可以作为关节运动的传感器。对5种灵长类动物肌梭的相关性分析表明，肌梭的相对数目存在种间差异。本研究对日本猕猴腰竖脊肌在姿势行为和运动行为中的肌电活动进行了研究。虽然在坐着或水平四足行走时，该肌肉不活跃，但在双足站立和双足行走时观察到双侧维持活动。这些双侧活动将延伸到猕猴的胸腰交界处，并保持这些姿势和locmotion。少

项目成果

Kumakura,Hiroo: "Some applications of the ELITE,the three dimensional motion analyzer." Anthropological Science. (in press). (1994)

Kumakura、Hiroo：“三维运动分析仪 ELITE 的一些应用。”

熊倉 博雄: "霊長類固有背筋の形態と機能" 解剖学雑誌. 68. 679 (1993)

Hiroo Kumakura：“灵长类背侧肌肉的形态和功能”解剖学杂志 68. 679 (1993)。

熊倉 博雄: "霊長類の移動行動と固有背筋形態" 解剖学雑誌. 70(印刷中). (1995)

Hiroo Kumakura：“灵长类动物的运动行为和独特的背肌形态”，《解剖学杂志》70（出版中）。

Kumakura, Hiroo, Eishi Hirasaki: "Yoshihiko Nakano and Shozo Matano Some Application of the ELITE,the three-dimensional motion analyzer." Anthropological Science. 102. 162 (1994)

Kumakura、Hiroo、Eishi Hirasaki：“Yoshihiko Nakano 和 Shozo Matano 的 ELITE（三维运动分析仪）的一些应用。”

熊倉博雄、平崎鉄矢: "霊長類の移動行動と固有背筋形態" 解剖学雑誌. 70(印刷中). (1995)

Hiroo Kumakura、Tetsuya Hirasaki：“灵长类动物的运动行为和独特的背肌形态”，解剖学杂志 70（出版中）。