Molecular basis and its application of cytoplasmic-homeosis in wheat

小麦异源细胞质系。Norin 26（N26）具有野生近缘种粗厚山羊草（Aegilops crassa）的细胞质，当在长日照条件（> 15 h光照）下生长时，表现出雌蕊化，雄蕊向雌蕊样结构的同源异型转化。这种现象被命名为光敏细胞质雄性不育（PCMS），并研究开发一种新的杂交小麦生产系统。与N26相反，小麦cv.中国春（CS）不表现PCMS，这是因为Rfd 1基因位于7B染色体长臂上。本研究的目的是阐明PCMS的分子基础，并利用PCMS进行杂交小麦育种。研究结果如下1.鉴定了与雌蕊发育相关的线粒体基因ORF260.鉴定了小麦雌蕊相关蛋白激酶1（WPPKI）基因.围绕Rfd1区域共扩增出32个RAPD标记.开发了具有Fukuotome背景的PCMS系和F1杂种。

The alloplasmic line of wheat cv. Norin 26 (N26) with the cytoplasm of a wild relative species Aegilops crassa shows pistillody, homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures, when grown under long-day conditions (> 15 h light). This phenomenon was named photoperiod-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility (PCMS) and studied to develop a new hybrid wheat production system. Contrary to N26, wheat cv. Chinese Spring (CS) does not show the PCMS because of the presence of Rfd1 gene located on the long arm of chromosome 7B. The objective of this research project is to elucidate the molecular basis of the PCMS and to utilize PCMS into hybrid wheat breeding. The research results are as follows1. Pistillody-related mitochondrial gene ORF260 was identified.2. WPPKI (wheat pistillody-related protein kinase 1)gene was identified.3. 32 RAPD markers were developed around Rfd1 region.4. PCMS lines with Fukuotome background and Fl hybrids were developed.